Figure 2.

The effect of ACC deaminase on C. sativa shoot length (A), fresh weight (B), and dry weight (C) in the absence or presence of salt stress (NaCl; 15 and 20 dS m⁻¹). Soil was treated with buffer (control), P. migulae 8R6 producing ACC deaminase or a derived acdS mutant 8R6 M, P. fluorescens YsS6 producing ACC deaminase or a derived acdS mutant YsS6 M. Transgenic lines tested were independent, single insert, homozygous lines expressing the Pseudomonas sp. UW4 acdS gene under the control of either the rolD or the CaMV 35S promoter. Salt was applied 20 days after sowing and shoots were harvested 20 days afterward. Error bars indicate standard error (n = 10 biological replicates). Significant differences between groups were detected using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test. Values that are significantly different (p < 0.05) from the control are indicated by asterisks (*) above the bars. Plots were drawn using SigmaPlot ver. 13.0 (Systat Software, Inc., San Jose, USA, www.systatsoftware.com).