Table 3.

Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for prediabetes subgroups, using the ADA or the WHO/IEC criteria

	Definition	No. of participants	Person-years	All-cause mortality	Death Due to Cancer	Death Due to CVD	Other-cause death
ADA criteria
By FPG level
No. of deaths by prediabetes status				96	52	20	24
Normoglycemia	FPG <100 mg/dL	38,338	214,604	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
Prediabetes	FPG 100–125 mg/dL	20,385	112,034	1.51 (1.12–2.05)	2.32 (1.46–3.71)	1.18 (0.62–2.23)	1.03 (0.61–1.77)
By HbA1c
No. of deaths by prediabetes status				64	33	13	18
Normoglycemia	HbA1c <5.7%	47,224	265,413	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
Prediabetes	HbA1c 5.7–6.4%	11,657	62,129	1.58 (1.15–2.17)	1.93 (1.21–3.08)	1.03 (0.52–2.03)	1.60 (0.90–2.87)
WHO/IEC criteria
By FPG level
No. of deaths by prediabetes status				37	21	8	8
Normoglycemia	FPG <110 mg/dL	53,017	296,004	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
Prediabetes	FPG 110–125 mg/dL	5,706	30,634	1.68 (1.15–2.43)	2.19 (1.30–3.67)	1.40 (0.63–3.10)	1.22 (0.57–2.63)
By HbA1c
No. of deaths by prediabetes status				24	15	3	6
Normoglycemia	HbA1c <6.0%	54,145	302,894	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)	1.00 (Ref.)
Prediabetes	HbA1c 6.0–6.4%	4,736	24,648	1.18 (0.76–1.84)	1.73 (0.97–3.10)	0.45 (0.13–1.50)	1.13 (0.48–2.70)

Values in bold are statistically significant. Model was adjusted for age (year, continuous), sex, worksite, BMI (kg/m²), smoking status (never smoker, former smoker, or current smoker), hypertension (yes or no), and dyslipidemia (yes or no). Ref., reference.