TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the populations aged ≥ 50 years with COVID‐19 and with and without atrial fibrillation or flutter before and after propensity‐score matching
| Initial populations | Propensity score matched populations | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID‐19 and no AF (n = 61 866) | COVID‐19 and AF (n = 7109) | P‐value | COVID‐19 and no AF (n = 6589) | COVID‐19 and AF (n = 6589) | P‐value | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 64.2 (10.7) | 74.1 (11.0) | <0.001 | 73.3 (10.9) | 73.6 (10.9) | 0.16 |
| Femalea a | 53.6 (33 189) | 44.9 (3189) | <0.001 | 45.2 (2978) | 45.6 (3002) | 0.67 |
| Race b | ||||||
| White | 55.1 (34 104) | 63.6 (4520) | <0.001 | 62.9 (4143) | 62.6 (4126) | 0.56 |
| Black or African American | 23.2 (14 348) | 19.6 (1396) | <0.001 | 22.1 (1457) | 20.6 (1358) | 0.04 |
| Asian | 2.4 (1499) | 1.6 (111) | 0.001 | 1.5 (99) | 1.6 (105) | 0.67 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.3 (202) | 0.3 (18) | 0.30 | 0.2 (16) | 0.2 (16) | 1.00 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0.5 (291) | 0.3 (21) | 0.04 | 0.3 (17) | 0.3 (21) | 0.52 |
| Unknown | 18.4 (11 390) | 14.7 (1042) | <0.001 | 12.9 (851) | 14.6 (962) | 0.01 |
| Hypertensive diseases | 42.3 (26 185) | 79.1 (5620) | <0.001 | 79.3 (5223) | 77.4 (5101) | 0.01 |
| Ischemic heart diseases | 12.6 (7824) | 49.6 (3523) | <0.001 | 46.5 (3062) | 46.1 (3038) | 0.68 |
| Heart Failure | 6.7 (4145) | 44.5 (3162) | <0.001 | 37.5 (2474) | 40.1 (2643) | 0.03 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 8.2 (5090) | 30.5 (2169) | <0.001 | 27.0 (1776) | 27.4 (1804) | 0.58 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 22.1 (13 681) | 41.7 (2963) | <0.001 | 41.7 (2746) | 40.9 (2692) | 0.34 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 9.5 (5857) | 35.3 (2509) | <0.001 | 32.4 (2137) | 32.5 (2142) | 0.93 |
| Diseases of the respiratory system | 54.2 (33 542) | 80.3 (5708) | <0.001 | 80.7 (5315) | 79.0 (5205) | 0.02 |
| Diseases of the digestive system | 42.1 (26 041) | 68.3 (4856) | <0.001 | 67.9 (4438) | 66.7 (4392) | 0.39 |
| Diseases of the nervous system | 38.1 (24 189) | 67.9 (4825) | <0.001 | 66.8 (4403) | 65.9 (4344) | 0.28 |
| Neoplasms | 24.7 (15 287) | 39.7 (2820) | <0.001 | 37.9 (2497) | 38.2 (2519) | 0.69 |
Values are % (n) unless otherwise stated. Baseline characteristics were compared using a chi‐squared test for categorical variables and an independent‐sample t test for continuous variables.
AF, atrial fibrillation; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; SD, standard deviation.
a
Sex unknown for 0.1% of patients.
b
Data are taken from structured fields in the electronic medical record systems of the participating healthcare organisations, therefore, there may be regional or country‐specific differences in how race categories are defined.