Table 2.
A simplified list of the members of histone demethylases and methyltransferases (mentioned in this article)
| Class of histone demethylases/methyltransferases | Histone demethylase /methyltransferase family |
Histone demethylase /methyltransferase |
Histone substrate | Gene expression |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erasers | ||||
| LSD demethylases | KDM1 | KDM1A* | H3K4me2/me1 | Repression |
| JMJC demethylases | KDM3 | KDM3A | H3K9me2/me1 | Activation |
| KDM4 | KDM4B | H3K9me3/me2 | Activation | |
| KDM5 | KDM5B | H3K4me3/me2/me1 | Repression | |
| KDM6 | KDM6A | H3K27me3/me2 | Activation | |
| KDM6B | H3K27me3/me2 | Activation | ||
| Writers | ||||
| EZH2 | EZH2 | EZH2 | H3K27me3/me2/me1 | Repression |
| EHMT2 | EHMT2 | EHMT2 | H3K9me2/me1 | Repression |
| DOT1L | DOT1L | DOT1L | H3K79me3/me2/me1 | Activation |
H histone, K lysine, me1 mono-methylation, me2 di-methylation, me3 tri-methylation, LSD lysine-specific demethylase, JMJC Jumonji C domain-containing protein demethylase, EZH2 enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit, EHMT2 euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2, DOT1L DOT1-like histone lysine methyltransferase
*In interaction with androgen receptor, KDM1A changes substrate preference to H3K9me2/me1, which is associated with gene expression activation [87]