. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020 Dec 11;126(3):284–291.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.12.005

Table 5 –

Multivariable analysis of IGF-1 and lung function measures

	All participants (n=212,462)	Women (n=113,769)	Men (n=98,693)

IGF-1 per quartile increment	β (95% Confidence Interval)

All Participants
FEV₁ (ml)	20.9 (19.1, 22.7)^*	15.9 (13.8, 17.9)^*	28.4 (25.3, 31.5)^*
FVC (ml)	25.6 (23.4, 27.7)^*	19.5 (17.0, 22.0)^*	34.0 (30.4, 37.6)^*
FEV₁/FVC (%)	0.01 (−0.02, 0.03)	0.001 (−0.03, 0.03)	0.02 (−0.02, 0.06)
Participants without asthma	n=188,123	n=100,031	n=88,092
FEV₁ (ml)	20.8 (18.9, 22.7)^*	15.9 (13.7, 18.1)^*	27.8 (24.6, 31.0)^*
FVC (ml)	25.5 (23.2, 27.7)^*	19.8 (17.1, 22.4)^*	33.2 (29.4, 37.0)^*
FEV₁/FVC (%)	0.003 (−0.02, 0.03)	−0.01 (−0.03, 0.02)	0.02 (−0.02, 0.05)
Participants with asthma	n=24,339	n=13,738	n=10,601
FEV₁ (ml)	21.37 (15.5, 27.2)^*	15.4 (9.0, 21.8)^*	33.0 (22.5, 43.6)^*
FVC (ml)	26.3 (19.8, 32.7)^*	17.6 (10.3, 24.9)^*	40.2 (28.9, 51.6)^*
FEV₁/FVC (%)	0.03 (−0.05, 0.12)	0.04 (−0.06, 0.14)	0.07 (−0.07, 0.21)

Abbreviation: IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity.

All models adjusted for asthma status (in all participants), age, sex (in all participants), ethnicity, annual household income, body mass index, smoking status, pack-years of cigarette smoking, the season and the time of the day when the examination was performed, and serum level of glycated hemoglobin A1c, and C-reactive protein. Models for FEV₁ and FVC were additionally adjusted for height and height squared.

P <0.01