Table 3.
GAH Cohort Mental Health, Well-Being, and Gender-Specific Experiences Based on Designated Sex at Birth
| GAH Cohort (N=316) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Sample | Designated Female at Birth | Designated Male at Birth | t or χ2 (df) | p-value | |
| Beck Depression Inventory-II (n=308) n (%) | |||||
| Minimal Depression | 150 (48.7) | 101 (50.8) | 49 (44.9) | 2.83 (3) | 0.419 |
| Mild Depression | 53 (17.2) | 35 (17.6) | 18 (16.5) | ||
| Moderate Depression | 57 (18.5) | 37 (18.6) | 20 (18.3) | ||
| Severe Depression | 48 (15.6) | 26 (13.1) | 22 (20.2) | ||
| Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale 2 (n=309) M (SD) | |||||
| Total Anxiety T-score | 59.97 (11.50) | 40.32 (11.52) | 59.12 (11.47) | −0.96 (307) | 0.340 |
| Physiological Anxiety T-score | 55.10 (11.01) | 55.66 (11.51) | 54.05 (9.99) | −1.22 (307) | 0.223 |
| Worry T-Score | 61.72 (11.66) | 61.89 (11.53) | 61.41 (11.94) | −0.35 (307) | 0.729 |
| Social Anxiety T-score | 58.05 (11.07) | 58.41 (10.74) | 57.36 (11.69) | −0.80 (307) | 0.729 |
| NIH Toolbox Life Satisfaction T Score (n=313) M (SD) | 39.82 (10.89) | 40.37 (9.18) | 38.82 (13.47) | −1.07 (165.09) | 0.285 |
| Lifetime SI (n=305)^ | |||||
| No | 102 (33.4) | 67 (22.0) | 35 (11.5) | 0.001 (1) | 0.977 |
| Yes | 203 (66.6) | 133 (43.6) | 70 (23.0) | ||
| Lifetime SI with plan (n=204)^ | |||||
| No | 115 (37.7) | 70 (23.0) | 45 (14.8) | 1.70 (1) | 0.192 |
| Yes | 89 (29.1) | 62 (20.3) | 27 (8.9) | ||
| Lifetime Suicide Attempt (n=207)^ | |||||
| No | 132 (43.3) | 74 (24.3) | 58 (19.0) | 12.01 (1) | 0.001* |
| Yes | 75 (24.6) | 60 (19.7) | 15 (4.9) | ||
| Past 6 months SI (n=207)^ | |||||
| No | 99 (32.5) | 69 (22.6) | 30 (9.8) | 1.35 (1) | 0.246 |
| Yes | 108 (35.4) | 67 (22.0) | 41 (13.4) | ||
| Past 6 months SI with plan (n=89)^ | |||||
| No | 57 (18.7) | 42 (13.8) | 15 (4.9) | 1.21 (1) | 0.271 |
| Yes | 32 (10.5) | 20 (6.6) | 12 (3.9) | ||
| Past 6 months Suicide Attempt (n=74)^ | |||||
| No | 63 (20.7) | 50 (16.4) | 13 (4.3) | 0.04 (1) | 0.852 |
| Yes | 11 (3.6) | 9 (3.0) | 2 (0.7) | ||
| Body Esteem Scale M (SD) | |||||
| Total Scale Score | 36.01 (9.13) | 35.88 (8.19) | 36.23 (10.71) | 0.30 (177.40) | 0.765 |
| Body Image Scale M (SD) | |||||
| Total Scale Score | 3.24 (0.80) | 3.19 (0.72) | 3.33 (0.93) | 1.39 (174.45) | 0.167 |
| Primary Sexual Characteristics | 4.44 (0.73) | 4.39 (0.72) | 4.53 (0.74) | 1.44 (302) | 0.152 |
| Secondary Sexual Characteristics | 3.10 (0.84) | 3.09 (0.77) | 3.12 (0.97) | −0.22 (178.94) | 0.825 |
| Neutral (Hormonally Unresponsive) | 2.71 (0.79) | 2.60 (0.70) | 2.93 (0.90) | 3.34 (311) | 0.001* |
| Transgender Congruence Scale M (SD) | |||||
| Total Scale Score | 2.82 (0.75) | 2.85 (0.68) | 2.78 (0.85) | −0.81 (185.78) | 0.422 |
| Appearance Congruence Subscale | 2.37 (0.88) | 2.42 (0.78) | 2.27 (1.03) | −1.38 (178.18) | 0.170 |
| Identity Acceptance Subscale | 4.20 (0.86) | 4.14 (0.87) | 4.30 (0.85) | 1.55 (308) | 0.123 |
| Gender Minority Stress and Resilience | |||||
| Non-affirmation of Gender Identity | 15.17 (6.18) | 15.78 (5.86) | 14.07 (6.60) | −2.34 (306) | .020* |
| Internalized Transphobia | 13.23 (8.49) | 13.49 (8.23) | 12.77 (8.97) | −0.71 (309) | 0.478 |
| Negative Expectations for the Future | 19.09 (8.41) | 19.41 (8.09) | 18.49 (8.98) | −0.92 (307) | 0.358 |
| Non-disclosure | 13.71 (4.99) | 14.66 (4.51) | 11.97 (5.41) | −4.52 (185.63) | 0.000* |
| Pride | 17.50 (8.05) | 16.43 (8.05) | 19.43 (7.72) | 3.19 (308) | 0.002* |
| Community Connectedness | 13.56 (3.98) | 13.58 (3.93) | 13.39 (4.12) | −0.40 (306) | 0.691 |
Note. GAH = gender-affirming hormones. M = mean; SD = standard deviation
*
p < 0.05.
^
percentages do not add up to 100% due to N/A responses due to preprogrammed skip patterns.