Fig. 2.

Inhibition of ASM activity attenuates LPS/ATP-induced TXNIP expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The J774A.1 cells and THP-1 macrophages were incubated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 4 h, treated with imipramine (10 μmol/L) for 3 h, and finally with ATP (5 mM) for 30 min. Effects of imipramine on the protein expression: c TXNIP; d NLRP3; e Caspase-1; f IL-1β; g IL-18. Effects of imipramine on the mRNA expression: h TXNIP; i NLRP3; j Caspase-1; k IL-1β; l IL-18. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. control group; ^## P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001 vs. LPS/ATP treatment group