. 2021 Feb 13;33(2):168–174. doi: 10.1589/jpts.33.168

Table 1. Demographic and baseline characteristics of patients.

Characteristics	All Participants	HAL group	Conventional group	p value

	(n=20)	(n=9)	(n=11)
Age (years)	69.6 ± 15.6	60.0 ± 11.7	77.4 ± 14.3	0.006^a
Gender (male/female)	10/10	6/3	4/7	0.37^b
Height (cm)	157.9 ± 11.3	162.1 ± 9.6	154.4 ± 11.8	0.15^a
Weight (kg)	57.5 ± 15.6	61.1 ± 9.9	54.5 ± 19.1	0.09^a
Hemiparesis (right/left)	8/12	4/5	4/7	1.00^b
Type of lesion (ischemic/hemorrhagic)	11/9	5/4	6/5	1.00^b
Time since stroke (days)	52.9 ± 41.9	60.7 ± 50.7	46.5 ± 34.4	0.88^a
Baseline data
FAC	2.4 ± 0.7	2.5 ± 0.7	2.2 ± 0.7	0.45^a
MWS (m/min)	30.3 ± 29.2	33.9 ± 26.2	27.5 ± 32.3	0.26^a
Step length (m)	0.33 ± 0.17	0.37 ± 0.16	0.29 ± 0.18	0.15^a
Cadence (steps/min)	78.0 ± 35.9	81.5 ± 36.3	75.1 ± 37.1	0.50^a
6WMD (m)	119.3 ± 118.7	122.6 ± 104.1	116.7 ± 134.5	0.55^a
FMA-LE	21.7 ± 4.2	21.1 ± 4.6	22.2 ± 4.0	0.50^a
SPPB total	5.3 ± 3.5	6.8 ± 1.9	4.0 ± 4.0	0.06^a
SPPB balance	2.1 ± 1.6	3.2 ± 0.8	1.2 ± 1.6	0.01^a
SPPB gait	1.8 ± 1.1	1.7 ± 1.2	1.8 ± 1.2	0.94^a
SPPB sit-to stand	1.3 ± 1.3	1.8 ± 1.0	0.9 ± 1.3	0.06^a
TUG	40.9 ± 23.8	33.9 ± 22.4	46.6 ± 24.4	0.26^a

FAC: Functional Ambulation Category; MWS: Maximal Walking Speed; 6MWD: 6-minute walking distance; FMA-LE: Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the lower extremity; SPPB: Short Physical Performance Battery; TUG: Timed Up-and-Go test. Values are Mean ± SD or number, ^aMann-Whitney U test, ^bFisherʼs exact test.