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. 2020 Nov 22;11(4):1023–1044. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.11.011

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© 2021 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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GPR43 and inhibition of class I HDACs mediate propionate promotion of IEC migration. (A–C and E) MSIEs were wounded, then cultured with propionate, HDACis, or anti-TGFβ antibody. Quantification of average migration distance with (A) propionate, trichostatin A, and GPR41 agonist with 3 per treatment; (B) propionate and GPR43 agonist with 6 per treatment; and (C) HDAC inhibitors with 2–3 per treatment. (D) MSIEs or (E) jejunal enteroids were treated for 24 hours with propionate and analyzed for messenger RNA expression. Relative expression of TGFβ with 3 samples per treatment group. (F) Quantification of average migration distance with propionate with or without anti-TGFβ antibody. ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < .01, ∗∗∗P < .001, ∗∗∗∗P < .0001 by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posttest for groups of 3 or more and by Student’s t test for groups of 2.