TABLE 1.
Base case and scenario analyses cost‐effectiveness results
| A. Base case | Second‐line empagliflozin | Second‐line sitagliptin | Incremental | ICER ($/QALY) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undiscounted LYs | 15.65 | 15.28 | 0.37 | $6967 |
| CVD‐free LYs a | 11.77 | 11.70 | 0.07 | |
| Discounted QALYs | 8.85 | 8.66 | 0.19 | |
| Discounted cost | ||||
| Total cost | $89 436 | $88 118 | $1318 | |
| Drug acquisition cost | $56 708 | $54 613 | $2095 | |
| Clinical event cost | $32 728 | $33 505 | –$777 |
| Undiscounted LYs | Discounted QALYs | Discounted cost ($) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B. Scenarios | Empagliflozin | Sitagliptin | Incremental | Empagliflozin | Sitagliptin | Incremental | Empagliflozin | Sitagliptin | Incremental | ICER ($/QALY) |
| Baseline CVD status | ||||||||||
| CVD subpopulation | 12.36 | 11.40 | 0.96 | 7.53 | 7.00 | 0.53 | $86 272 | $84 380 | $1892 | $3589 |
| Non‐CVD subpopulation | 16.85 | 16.61 | 0.24 | 9.40 | 9.29 | 0.11 | $92 265 | $90 924 | $1341 | $12 577 |
| Perspective | ||||||||||
| Commercial payer | 20.64 | 20.27 | 0.37 | 11.10 | 10.93 | 0.17 | $111 048 | $109 459 | $1589 | $9081 |
| Medicare payer | 9.49 | 9.15 | 0.34 | 6.10 | 5.90 | 0.20 | $63 674 | $62 750 | $924 | $4799 |
| Time horizon | ||||||||||
| 1‐y, overall population | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.0009 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.01 | $4929 | $4875 | $54 | $69 752 |
| 3‐y, overall population | 2.83 | 2.81 | 0.02 | 2.16 | 2.15 | 0.01 | $14 765 | $14 822 | ‐$57 | Dominates |
| 5‐y, overall population | 4.51 | 4.48 | 0.03 | 3.35 | 3.33 | 0.02 | $24 484 | $24 557 | ‐$73 | Dominates |
| 10‐y, overall population | 8.03 | 7.92 | 0.11 | 5.58 | 5.50 | 0.08 | $45 591 | $45 547 | $44 | $557 |
| 1‐y, CVD subpopulation | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.01 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.003 | $5290 | $5664 | ‐$374 | Dominates |
| 3‐y, CVD subpopulation | 2.85 | 2.82 | 0.03 | 2.18 | 2.15 | 0.03 | $16 581 | $17 645 | ‐$1064 | Dominates |
| 5‐y, CVD subpopulation | 4.54 | 4.43 | 0.11 | 3.37 | 3.28 | 0.09 | $27 866 | $29 377 | ‐$1511 | Dominates |
| 10‐y, CVD subpopulation | 7.92 | 7.54 | 0.38 | 5.49 | 5.23 | 0.26 | $52 640 | $54 113 | ‐$1473 | Dominates |
Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; ICER, incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio; LYs, life‐years; QALYs, quality‐adjusted life‐years.
a
Among patients without CVD at baseline.