TABLE 2.
Results from fitting various models in the stents dataset
| Parameter | GLMM‐full (SE) | STEP (SE) | LASSO (SE*) | ridge (SE*) | Adaptive LASSO (SE*) | Bayesian LASSO (SE) | SSVS (SE, % selected) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average treatment effect (log‐odds ratio at mean values of the covariates) | 0.04 (0.12) | −0.05 (0.09) | −0.07 (0.11) | −0.05 (0.11) | −0.05 (0.11) | −0.04 (0.14) | −0.03 (0.15) | |
| Heterogeneity (τ) | 0.00 | – | – | – | – | 0.20 (0.16) | 0.21 (0.18) | |
| Main effects | age | 0.70 (0.09) | 0.65 (0.06) | 0.65 (0.08) | 0.66 (0.08) | 0.65 (0.08) | 0.67 (0.07) | 0.67 (0.07) |
| gender | −0.01 (0.06) | 0.00 (0.04 | 0.00 (0.04) | −0.00 (0.04) | 0.00 (0.04) | −0.01 (0.05) | −0.00 (0.05) | |
| diabetes | 0.20 (0.06) | 0.18 (0.04) | 0.18 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.05) | 0.18 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.05) | 0.19 (0.05) | |
| stable_cad | −0.26 (0.07) | −0.24 (0.05) | −0.24 (0.05) | −0.24 (0.05) | −0.24 (0.06) | −0.25 (0.06) | −0.24 (0.06) | |
| multivessel | 0.15 (0.07) | 0.10 (0.05) | 0.11 (0.07) | 0.12 (0.06) | 0.13 (0.07) | 0.13 (0.06) | 0.13 (0.06) | |
| ladtreated | 0.10 (0.07) | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.05 (0.06) | 0.03 (0.05) | 0.09 (0.06) | 0.04 (0.06) | 0.05 (0.07) | |
| overlap | 0.15 (0.06) | 0.14 (0.05) | 0.14 (0.06) | 0.14 (0.06) | 0.14 (0.06) | 0.15 (0.05) | 0.15 (0.05) | |
| m_dia_above_3 | −0.05 (0.05) | −0.01 (0.04) | −0.02 (0.05) | −0.02 (0.05) | −0.04 (0.05) | −0.02 (0.04) | −0.02 (0.04) | |
| num_stents | 0.02 (0.07) | 0.04 (0.06) | 0.00 (0.06) | −0.00 (0.05) | 0.02 (0.06) | −0.00 (0.06) | −0.00 (0.06) | |
| Effect modifiers (treatment‐covariate interactions) | age: treatment | −0.08 (0.11) | 0 | 0 | −0.02 (0.05) | 0 | −0.03 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.07, 48%) |
| gender: treatment | 0.02 (0.08) | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.04) | 0 | 0.01 (0.05) | 0.01 (0.04, 37%) | |
| diabetes: treatment | −0.03 (0.08) | 0 | 0 | −0.01 (0.04) | 0 | −0.01 (0.05) | −0.01 (0.04, 38%) | |
| stable_cad: treatment | 0.05 (0.10) | 0 | 0 | 0.02 (0.04) | 0 | 0.02 (0.05) | 0.01 (0.05, 40%) | |
| multivessel: treatment | −0.09 (0.09) | 0 | −0.00 (0.06) | −0.03 (0.05) | −0.05 (0.07) | −0.04 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.07, 50%) | |
| ladtreated: treatment | −0.18 (0.09) | −0.20 (0.09) | −0.10 (0.09) | −0.06 (0.07) | −0.16 (0.10) | −0.08 (0.07) | −0.09 (0.09, 70%) | |
| overlap: treatment | −0.02 (0.09) | 0 | 0 | −0.02 (0.04) | 0 | −0.02 (0.05) | −0.02 (0.05, 39%) | |
| m_dia_above_3: treatment | 0.09 (0.07) | 0 | 0.03 (0.07) | 0.04 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.07) | 0.04 (0.05) | 0.04 (0.05, 47%) | |
| num_stents: treatment | −0.08 (0.10) | −0.12 (0.08) | −0.04 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.04) | −0.08 (0.07) | −0.04 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.06, 49%) | |
Note: “age: treatment” denotes the interaction term between age and treatment; likewise for other covariates. For SSVS, the “% selected” shows how frequently a given interaction was selected in the MCMC analysis. stable_cad: stable coronary artery disease (clinical presentation at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention); ladtreated: target vessel left anterior descending artery; m_dia_above_3: mean diameter ≥ 3 mm; num_stents: number of implanted stents. SE, standard error. SE denoted with a star (*) were estimated using bootstrap.