Table 2.
Baseline patient characteristics by influenza vaccination status
| Variable* | No flu vaccine (n = 14,204) | Flu vaccine (n = 12,997) | P value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Positive | 693 (4.9%) | 525 (4.0%) | <.001 |
| Women, n (%) | 7,231 (50.9) | 7,930 (61.0) | <.001 |
| Age, Mean (SD) | 46.09 (22.30) | 48.44 (21.76) | <.001 |
| Age, n (%) | <.001 | ||
| <35 | 4563 (32.1%) | 3856 (29.7%) | |
| 35-49 | 2395 (16.9%) | 2413 (18.6%) | |
| 50-64 | 3381 (23.8%) | 3066 (23.6%) | |
| >=65 | 3337 (23.5%) | 3568 (27.5%) | |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| African American | 1,966 (13.8) | 1,438 (11.1) | <.001 |
| Caucasian | 1,0597 (74.6) | 10,406 (80.1) | |
| Other | 933 (6.6) | 1021 (7.9) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 463 (3.3) | 388 (3.0) | .07 |
| Non-Hispanic or Latino | 1,2845 (90.4) | 1,2217 (94.0) | |
| Chronic Pulmonary Disease, n (%) | 1,910 (13.4) | 2,137 (16.4) | <.001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure, n (%) | 958 (6.7) | 1199 (9.2) | <.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 1,381 (9.7) | 1,437 (11.1) | .001 |
| Complicated Diabetes, n (%) | 378 (2.7%) | 474 (3.6%) | <.001 |
| Uncomplicated Diabetes, n (%) | 1,003 (7.1) | 963 (7.4) | .43 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3,174 (22.3) | 3,111 (23.9) | .01 |
| Complicated Hypertension, n (%) | 808 (5.7) | 916 (7.0) | <.001 |
| Uncomplicated Hypertension, n (%) | 2,366 (16.7) | 2,195 (16.9) | .99 |
| BMI, Mean (SD) | 28.08 (9.36) | 28.79 (9.16) | <.001 |
| BMI, n (%) | |||
| <18.5 | 1125 (7.9%) | 605 (4.7%) | |
| 18.5-24.9 | 2837 (20.0%) | 2136 (16.4%) | |
| 24.9-29.9 | 2971 (20.9%) | 2345 (18.0%) | |
| 30-39.9 | 2834 (20.0%) | 2444 (18.8%) | |
| >40 | 866 (6.1%) | 676 (5.2%) | |
| Elixhauser Score, Mean (SD) | 1.56 (2.28) | 1.61 (2.51) | <.001 |
| Smoking Status, n (%) | |||
| Current Smoker | 1137 (8.0) | 581 (4.5) | <.001 |
| Former Smoker | 1,864 (13.1) | 1,946 (15.0) | |
| Tobacco Use | 62 (0.4) | 31 (0.2) | |
| Never Smoker | 3,796 (26.7) | 3,388 (26.1) |
⁎
Proportions vary because of missing data on comorbid covariates chronic pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, complicated diabetes, uncomplicated diabetes, hypertension, complicated hypertension, and uncomplicated hypertension (n = 251), age (n = 622), BMI (n = 8,362), ethnicity (n = 1,288), race (n = 840), and smoking status (n = 14,396).
†
P values are shown from Chi-square tests for categorial variables and Wilcoxon rank sum tests for continuous variables comparing probability of receiving an influenza vaccine.