Table 2.
COVID baseline threshold values (CBT; upper limit) of air quality parameters estimated by different methods
| Parameter | Zone | Q75 | Q90 | Q95 | Q98 | mMAD | TIF | mSD | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM10(ug/m3) | Central | 89.24 | 103.44 | 109.05 | 113.72 | 115.11 | 116.87 | ||
| PM10(ug/m3) | East | 87.84 | 121.27 | 131.38 | 139.45 | 108.44 | 126.40 | 140.07 | 144.94 |
| PM10(ug/m3) | North | 127.29 | 143.00 | 163.89 | 177.96 | 164.63 | 176.68 | 187.3 | |
| PM10(ug/m3) | South | 94.64 | 109.73 | 122.38 | 131.23 | 120.63 | 131.36 | 137.1 | |
| PM10(ug/m3) | West | 134.37 | 172.55 | 192.36 | 208.04 | 187.88 | 205.58 | 204.55 | 218.7 |
| PM10(ug/m3) | Total | 105.18 | 129.95 | 145.83 | 171.52 | 143.46 | 172.07 | 154.58 | 233.0 |
| PM2.5(ug/m3) | Central | 49.14 | 56.79 | 60.97 | 63.73 | 59.22 | 66.40 | 65.56 | |
| PM2.5(ug/m3) | East | 37.37 | 42.40 | 55.06 | 62.56 | 44.35 | 58.91 | 60.16 | 67.51 |
| PM2.5(ug/m3) | North | 62.34 | 71.11 | 76.99 | 79.52 | 79.78 | 81.21 | ||
| PM2.5(ug/m3) | South | 47.18 | 54.98 | 58.03 | 64.78 | 57.29 | 78.32 | 64.77 | 69.46 |
| PM2.5(ug/m3) | West | 61.57 | 74.22 | 77.05 | 81.67 | 83.10 | 84.39 | 84.92 | |
| PM2.5(ug/m3) | Total | 52.95 | 67.47 | 77.79 | 89.85 | 74.77 | 91.33 | 79.45 | 105.4 |
| CO(mg/m3) | Central | 0.94 | 1.09 | 1.16 | 1.25 | 1.13 | 1.24 | 1.31 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | East | 0.89 | 1.00 | 1.10 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.17 | 1.20 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | North | 0.59 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.83 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | South | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.76 | 0.70 | 0.77 | 0.79 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | West | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.72 | ||
| CO(mg/m3) | Total | 0.80 | 1.29 | 1.53 | 1.76 | 1.12 | 1.40 | 1.53 | 4.03 |
| NH3(ug/m3) | West | 37.64 | 43.44 | 50.93 | 52.65 | 43.54 | 45.81 | 49.62 | 53.64 |
| NH3(ug/m3) | Central | 24.85 | 28.58 | 30.39 | 31.51 | 31.33 | 32.27 | ||
| NH3(ug/m3) | east | 8.28 | 9.04 | 9.64 | 10.26 | 9.04 | 9.76 | 9.94 | 10.67 |
| NH3(ug/m3) | north | 8.65 | 9.40 | 10.15 | 10.62 | 9.78 | 10.70 | 10.94 | |
| NH3(ug/m3) | Total | 29.04 | 41.54 | 52.21 | 79.46 | 39.98 | 44.51 | 57.93 | 157.9 |
| NO(ug/m3) | Central | 24.85 | 28.58 | 30.39 | 31.51 | 31.33 | 32.27 | ||
| NO(ug/m3) | East | 8.28 | 9.04 | 9.64 | 10.26 | 9.04 | 9.76 | 9.94 | 10.67 |
| NO(ug/m3) | North | 8.65 | 9.40 | 10.15 | 10.62 | 9.78 | 10.70 | 10.94 | |
| NO(ug/m3) | South | 5.40 | 7.52 | 9.91 | 12.81 | 6.97 | 9.27 | 11.14 | 14.82 |
| NO(ug/m3) | West | 4.19 | 4.89 | 5.13 | 5.48 | 4.97 | 5.52 | 5.39 | 5.72 |
| NO(ug/m3) | Total | 7.77 | 23.63 | 35.11 | 72.98 | 10.40 | 16.16 | 44.34 | 145.6 |
| NO2(ug/m3) | Central | 30.50 | 34.27 | 37.08 | 40.65 | 38.76 | 41.16 | 43.05 | |
| NO2(ug/m3) | East | 21.51 | 25.18 | 26.51 | 28.67 | 23.29 | 28.66 | 30.14 | |
| NO2(ug/m3) | North | 29.19 | 35.53 | 42.33 | 47.66 | 34.45 | 39.82 | 46.92 | 51.28 |
| NO2(ug/m3) | South | 15.33 | 18.60 | 20.14 | 22.31 | 19.49 | 22.05 | 23.83 | |
| NO2(ug/m3) | west | 18.85 | 21.93 | 22.65 | 24.14 | 23.01 | 24.58 | 25.19 | |
| NO2(ug/m3) | Total | 22.55 | 33.88 | 47.58 | 78.53 | 31.71 | 38.01 | 51.98 | 129.5 |
| NOx(ppb) | Central | 37.63 | 40.53 | 43.49 | 46.33 | 44.08 | 46.83 | 48.24 | |
| NOx(ppb) | East | 15.98 | 19.79 | 21.30 | 23.11 | 17.39 | 23.82 | 22.64 | 24.32 |
| NOx(ppb) | North | 22.96 | 25.68 | 29.72 | 33.18 | 26.81 | 30.82 | 32.57 | 35.55 |
| NOx(ppb) | South | 16.82 | 19.99 | 22.06 | 26.62 | 21.32 | 28.20 | 25.80 | 29.83 |
| NOx(ppb) | West | 13.37 | 15.28 | 15.84 | 16.56 | 15.67 | 19.53 | 16.95 | 17.06 |
| NOx(ppb) | Total | 20.50 | 39.11 | 59.84 | 87.94 | 28.06 | 37.24 | 60.50 | 167.9 |
| SO2(ug/m3) | Central | 16.90 | 19.19 | 20.38 | 21.35 | 21.31 | 22.00 | 22.02 | |
| SO2(ug/m3) | East | 13.66 | 16.22 | 18.11 | 19.95 | 16.35 | 19.58 | 19.19 | 21.19 |
| SO2(ug/m3) | North | 14.40 | 16.74 | 17.57 | 18.33 | 17.53 | 19.70 | 18.86 | |
| SO2(ug/m3) | South | 15.54 | 17.76 | 18.92 | 20.79 | 18.76 | 21.50 | 20.68 | 22.10 |
| SO2(ug/m3) | West | 15.92 | 18.96 | 21.31 | 22.93 | 20.29 | 22.60 | 22.17 | 24.03 |
| SO2(ug/m3) | Total | 18.02 | 22.41 | 25.80 | 29.72 | 27.21 | 32.11 | 27.46 | 39.16 |
| CO(mg/m3) | Central | 0.94 | 1.09 | 1.16 | 1.25 | 1.13 | 1.24 | 1.31 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | East | 0.89 | 1.00 | 1.10 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.17 | 1.20 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | North | 0.59 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.83 | |
| CO(mg/m3) | South | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.76 | 0.70 | 0.79 | ||
| CO(mg/m3) | West | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.72 | ||
| CO(mg/m3) | Total | 0.80 | 1.29 | 1.53 | 1.76 | 1.12 | 1.40 | 1.53 | 4.03 |
| Ozone(ug/m3) | Central | 32.62 | 36.44 | 38.26 | 40.02 | 41.24 | 41.25 | ||
| Ozone(ug/m3) | East | 44.40 | 48.18 | 48.59 | 49.32 | 43.71 | 53.38 | 49.81 | |
| Ozone(ug/m3) | North | 43.39 | 47.82 | 50.44 | 52.32 | 52.95 | 53.59 | ||
| Ozone(ug/m3) | South | 60.72 | 66.25 | 68.68 | 71.02 | 72.43 | 72.63 | ||
| Ozone(ug/m3) | West | 60.35 | 64.37 | 65.50 | 66.39 | 60.96 | 66.99 | ||
| Ozone(ug/m3) | Total | 55.24 | 68.65 | 78.65 | 91.52 | 84.20 | 105.3 | 85.82 | 146.4 |
| Benzene(ug/m3) | Central | 1.05 | 1.27 | 1.44 | 1.53 | 1.42 | 1.57 | 1.59 | |
| Benzene(ug/m3) | East | 3.32 | 4.79 | 5.11 | 5.50 | 3.18 | 5.45 | 5.77 | |
| Benzene(ug/m3) | North | 1.86 | 2.13 | 2.33 | 2.45 | 2.62 | 2.63 | 2.53 | |
| Benzene(ug/m3) | South | 1.57 | 2.10 | 2.22 | 2.33 | 1.64 | 2.22 | 2.40 | |
| Benzene(ug/m3) | West | 1.93 | 2.54 | 2.94 | 3.24 | 2.55 | 3.08 | 4.71 | |
| Benzene(ug/m3) | Total | 1.92 | 3.53 | 5.19 | 6.25 | 2.91 | 3.71 | 4.76 | 13.26 |
| Toluene(ug/m3) | Central | 3.82 | 4.54 | 5.24 | 5.75 | 4.79 | 5.78 | 6.09 | |
| Toluene(ug/m3) | East | 15.80 | 19.90 | 22.55 | 24.07 | 13.05 | 23.62 | 25.04 | |
| Toluene(ug/m3) | North | 19.34 | 22.22 | 24.34 | 25.64 | 25.45 | 26.50 | ||
| Toluene(ug/m3) | South | 17.42 | 19.69 | 20.57 | 21.56 | 18.78 | 21.49 | 22.23 | |
| Toluene(ug/m3) | West | 8.43 | 13.60 | 16.76 | 19.07 | 10.79 | 16.27 | 16.18 | 20.81 |
| Toluene(ug/m3) | Total | 14.02 | 28.20 | 39.20 | 49.30 | 19.89 | 31.82 | 35.58 | 57.09 |
mMAD, median + 2median absolute deviation; TIF, Tukey inner fence; mSD, mean + 2standard deviation; percentile-based approach percentile (75th, 95th, 98th); Max, maximum; Empty cells, overestimated values; Total, whole Delhi. For zone (central, east, north, south, and west) classification please see Table 2SM