Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants
| All participants | Aortic valve calcification |
Mitral valve calcification |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value | P-value | ||||
| N | 1769 | 241 (14%) | 64 (4%) | ||
| Male | 997 (56%) | 178 (74%) | <0.001 | 41 (64%) | 0.206 |
| Age (years) | 58 ± 9 | 64 ± 7 | <0.001 | 65 ± 7 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30 ± 6 | 30 ± 5 | 0.896 | 30 ± 5 | 0.386 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 34 (2%) | 7 (3%) | 0.213 | 2 (3%) | 0.350 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Current smoker | 330 (19%) | 37 (15%) | 0.007 | 5 (8%) | 0.007 |
| Ex-smoker | 593 (34%) | 102 (42%) | 32 (50%) | ||
| Non-smoker | 845 (48%) | 102 (42%) | 27 (43%) | ||
| Hypertension | 608 (35%) | 122 (51%) | <0.001 | 36 (57%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 196 (11%) | 45 (19%) | <0.001 | 14 (22%) | 0.005 |
| Family history CHD | 765 (45%) | 91 (38%) | 0.048 | 20 (32%) | 0.053 |
| Previous CHD | 178 (10%) | 39 (16%) | <0.001 | 11 (17%) | 0.054 |
| Previous PAD | 31 (2%) | 7 (3%) | 0.178 | 1 (2%) | 1 |
| Previous CVD | 79 (4%) | 27 (11%) | <0.001 | 6 (10%) | 0.059 |
| Total cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) | 192 ± 73 | 179 ± 74 | 0.003 | 182 ± 85 | 0.324 |
| Anginal symptoms | |||||
| Typical angina | 654 (37%) | 124 (51%) | <0.001 | 33 (52%) | 0.046 |
| Atypical angina | 432 (24%) | 66 (27%) | 11 (17%) | ||
| Non-anginal | 683 (39%) | 51 (21%) | 20 (31%) | ||
| Risk score | 17.9 ± 11.0 | 24.6 ± 11.1 | <0.001 | 25.5 ± 11.5 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as N (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range).
P-values represent comparison to total cohort.
CHD, coronary heart disease; CTCA, computed tomography coronary angiography; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; PAD, peripheral arterial disease. Bold values indicate statistical significance.