Table 1.
Average Daily Indoor PM2.5 and Airborne Nicotine by Comparison and Adjusted Change in Mean Daily PM2.5 and Airborne Nicotine Following SFH Implementation in Norfolk, VA
| Comparison | Observed pre-SFH air quality | Observed post-SFH air quality | Adjusted change (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (μg/m3) | Nicotine (μg/m3) | PM2.5 (μg/m3) | Nicotine (μg/m3) | PM2.5 (μg/m3) | Nicotine (μg/m3) | |
| One month pre- and post-SFH | 27.48 | 0.31 | 19.94 | 0.21 | −7.23 (−8.98, −5.49) | −0.23 (−0.43, −0.04) |
| December 2017 vs. December 2018 | 18.92 | 0.36 | 25.18 | 0.45 | 7.87 (5.45, 10.28) | 0.10 (0.00, 0.19) |
CI = confidence interval. Observed values reflect measurements taken in common areas of five midrise buildings that implemented SFH in response to the HUD rule. Adjusted change in PM2.5 and nicotine were estimated using linear mixed modeling with random site and time effects and included an additional building that did not implement SFH as a control.