Table 1.
Species with confirmed suitability for SARS-CoV-2 infection from natural infections or in vivo experiments. Asterisks reference species with infection status from preprints (not yet peer-reviewed). Some species (e.g, dogs) with natural infection studies also have in vivo experimental studies.
| Species | Susceptibility | Study type | Location | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cow (Bos taurus) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [33] |
| Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) | Yes | Natural infection | Multiple countries | [34–38] |
| African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [39] |
| Big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) | No | In vivo experiment | Lab | [40] |
| Cat (Felis catus) | Yes | Natural infection | Multiple countries | [35,36,38,41] |
| Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) | Yes | Natural infection | USA, Zoo | [42] |
| Crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [43] |
| Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [44] |
| Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [45] |
| House mouse (Mus musculus) | No | In vivo experiment | Lab | [19] (but see [20]) |
| Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [37] |
| American mink (Neovison vison) | Yes | Natural infection | Multiple countries | [35,36,46] |
| Raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [47] |
| European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [48] |
| Lion (Panthera leo) | Yes | Natural infection | Multiple countries, Zoos | [36,49] |
| Tiger (Panthera tigris) | Yes | Natural infection | USA and Sweden, Zoos | [35,36,49,50] |
| Deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)* | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [51,52] |
| Cougar (Puma concolor) | Yes | Natural infection | South Africa, Zoo | [36] |
| Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [53] |
| Pig (Sus scrofa) | No | In vivo experiment | Lab | [37,53] |
| Northern treeshrew (Tupaia belangeri) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [54] |
| Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) | Yes | Natural infection | USA, Zoo | [55] |
| Bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [56] |
| Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) | Yes | Natural infection | USA, Zoo | [36,57] |
| White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) | Yes | In vivo experiment | Lab | [58] |