Table 3.

GRADE summary table for risk of complications

Group	Rank	Intervention	Odds ratio (95% CI)	NNT	Quality of evidence
All patients	1	Intramedullary fixation	0.089 (0.02 to 0.84)a	3	Lowb,c
	2	Volar locking plate	0.14 (0.05 to 0.39)a	3	Moderatec,d
	3	Nonbridging external fixation	0.16 (0.02 to 0.92)a	3	Lowc,e
Intraarticular	1	Percutaneous pinning	0.015 (< 0.01 to 1.1)	2	Lowe
	2	Volar locking plate	0.021 (< 0.01 to 0.50)a	2	Moderated
Extraarticular	1	Nonbridging external fixation	0.011 (< 0.01 to 0.65)a	6	Lowe
	2	Intramedullary fixation	0.10 (< 0.01 to 1.2)	7	Lowc,d
Average age older than 60 years	1	Dorsal plate	0.076 (< 0.01 to 3.0)	4	Very lowc,e,f
	2	Intramedullary fixation	0.13 (0.01 to 1.7)	4	Very lowb,c,d

^aInferred to be statistically significant with a 95% CI for mean difference not crossing zero.

^bDowngraded for inconsistency.

^cDowngraded for indirectness.

^dDowngraded for imprecision.

^eDowngraded two levels for imprecision.

^fDowngraded for risk of bias.

Odds ratios are relative to nonoperative treatment; rank based on SUCRA value; small sample size was considered in the evaluation of imprecision; GRADE = Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; NNT = number needed to treat.