Table 1.
Background characteristics of a random sample of community-living older adult participants in Hong Kong (n = 750)
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographics | ||
| Age group (years) | ||
| 65–70 | 254 | 33.9 |
| 71–80 | 311 | 41.5 |
| >80 | 185 | 24.7 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 295 | 39.3 |
| Female | 455 | 60.7 |
| Highest education level attained | ||
| Primary school or lower | 599 | 79.9 |
| Secondary school | 126 | 16.8 |
| High school diploma/undergraduate or higher | 25 | 3.3 |
| Marital status | ||
| Married/cohabitation | 531 | 70.8 |
| Unmarried/divorced/widowed | 219 | 29.2 |
| Current employment status | ||
| Full-time/part-time | 38 | 5.1 |
| Unemployed/retired/homemakers | 712 | 94.9 |
| Monthly household income (HK$) | ||
| Receiving CSSAb | 38 | 5.1 |
| <20,000 | 689 | 91.8 |
| ≥20,000 | 23 | 3.1 |
| Living alone | ||
| No | 649 | 86.5 |
| Yes | 101 | 13.5 |
| Lifestyle | ||
| Cigarette smoking in the past year | ||
| No | 746 | 99.5 |
| Yes | 4 | 0.5 |
| Binge drinking in the past year | ||
| No | 748 | 99.7 |
| Yes | 2 | 0.3 |
| Self-reported high-risk conditions for invasive pneumococcal diseases listed by the Hong Kong Department of Health (% Yes) | ||
| Invasive pneumococcal diseases | 2 | 0.3 |
| Cerebrospinal fluid leakage | 2 | 0.3 |
| Chronic cardiovascular diseases | 451 | 60.1 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 1 | 0.1 |
| Chronic liver diseases | 0 | 0 |
| Chronic kidney diseases | 5 | 0.7 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 139 | 18.5 |
| Immunocompromised states | 1 | 0.1 |
| Number of high-risk conditions for severe invasive pneumococcal diseases | ||
| 0 | 267 | 35.6 |
| 1 | 336 | 44.8 |
| 2–3 | 146 | 19.5 |
| ≥4 | 1 | 0.1 |
| History of pneumonia and vaccination | ||
| History of pneumonia | ||
| No | 744 | 99.2 |
| Yes | 6 | 0.8 |
| Family member/friend had history of pneumonia | ||
| No | 741 | 98.8 |
| Yes | 9 | 1.2 |
| Uptake of seasonal influenza vaccination | ||
| No | 372 | 49.6 |
| Yes | 378 | 50.4 |
| Pneumococcal vaccination (PV) completion | ||
| Number of doses of PV taken up by participants with at least one high-risk condition listed by the Department of Health (n = 483) | ||
| 0 | 397 | 82.2 |
| 1 | 55 | 11.4 |
| 2 | 31 | 6.4 |
| Number of doses of PV taken up by participants without any high-risk condition listed by the Department of Health (n = 267) | ||
| 0 | 223 | 83.5 |
| ≥1 | 44 | 16.5 |
| PV completion among all participantsa | ||
| No | 675 | 90.0 |
| Yes | 75 | 10.0 |
aPV completion is defined as: (1) completing two doses of PV among those with at least one high-risk condition listed by the Department of Health or (2) completing at one dose of PV among those without any high-risk condition.
bCSSA: Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, referring to a governmental financial support scheme providing a safety net for those who cannot support themselves financially.