Table 1.
Assessment of physiological measures.
| Variable | Baseline | Circle | Breeze | |||
|
|
Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) |
| IBIa | 837.25 (127.14) | 836.00 (739.00-953.75) | 857.00 (121.32) | 842.50 (772.00-950.75) | 843.75 (117.23) | 835.50 (769.25-929.00) |
| HRb | 73.31 (11.77) | 72.00 (62.75-81.25) | 71.50 (10.53) | 71.50 (63.25-77.75) | 72.31 (10.42) | 71.50 (64.25-77.75) |
| SDNNc | 53.65 (30.00) | 45.30 (39.32-62.83) | 102.52 (36.16) | 106.60 (74.47-118.68) | 111.81 (35.71) | 104.65 (81.48-127.15) |
| RMSSDd | 45.97 (28.05) | 35.75 (29.65-55.62) | 81.86 (39.20) | 82.85 (50.17-103.55) | 86.42 (41.56) | 82.00 (50.53-103.50) |
| pNN50e | 24.17 (20.86) | 15.22 (8.56-37.66) | 33.17 (15.42) | 31.30 (27.41-39.15) | 38.17 (16.16) | 34.94 (27.84-53.48) |
| HF-HRVf | 1073.00 (999.32) | 812.00 (435.25-1269.50) | 2067.06 (1826.66) | 1762.50 (480.50-2861.75) | 2696.62 (2830.56) | 2186.00 (720.00-2795.75) |
| LF-HRVg | 2530.00 (5189.85) | 977.50 (563.75-1825.00) | 8406.44 (5593.35) | 7500.50 (4359.00-10,320.25) | 10346.31 (6103.83) | 7804.00 (6272.50-13,844.00) |
| VLF-HRVh | 82.81 (140.09) | 43.50 (18.25-72.50) | 84.00 (127.36) | 49.00 (20.00-70.75) | 120.94 (119.60) | 64.50 (37.75-182.50) |
| LF/HF ratioi | 2.76 (4.83) | 1.35 (0.82-1.64) | 6.49 (4.65) | 4.29 (3.11-8.36) | 6.33 (3.99) | 5.72 (2.91-9.09) |
| BPMj | 12.23 (4.10) | 11.83 (10.29-13.38) | 5.99 (0.04) | 6.00 (6.00-6.00) | 5.96 (0.10) | 6.00 (5.83-6.00) |
| ARAk | 5.34 (2.40) | 5.78 (3.33-6.58) | 4.44 (3.09) | 6.09 (1.34-6.44) | 4.32 (2.84) | 4.75 (2.08-6.62) |
aIBI: interbeat interval.
bHR: heart rate.
cSDNN: SD of normal R-R intervals.
dRMSSD: root mean square of the successive differences.
epNN50: percentage of normal R-R intervals greater than 50 milliseconds than their adjacent one.
fHF-HRV: high-frequency HR variability.
gLF-HRV: low-frequency HRV.
hVLF-HRV: very-low-frequency HRV.
iLF/HF ratio: low- to high-frequency ratio of heart rate variability.
jBPM: breaths per minute.
kARA: abdominal respiration amplitude.