Table 3.

Decomposition of the effect of COVID-19 stress on addictive SMU (N = 512).

	Mediation model				Reverse mediation model
	β	b	SE	95%CI	β	b	SE	95%CI
Direct effect
COVID-19 stress	0.09	0.50	0.23	(0.0581, 0.9491)	0.09	0.50	0.23	(0.0581, 0.9491)
Active use	0.11	0.21	0.08	(0.0590, 0.3619)	0.11	0.21	0.08	(0.0590, 0.3619)
SM flow	0.41	0.35	0.03	(0.2776, 0.4125)	0.41	0.35	0.03	(0.2776, 0.4125)
Indirect effects through
Active use	0.02	0.09	0.05	(0.0129, 0.2047)	0.01	0.07	0.04	(0.0077, 0.1681)
SM flow	0.03	0.20	0.10	(0.0052, 0.3961)	0.05	0.29	0.10	(0.0850, 0.4908)
Active use and SM flow	0.02	0.09	0.03	(0.0287, 0.1594)	–
SM flow and active use	–				0.004	0.02	0.01	(0.0023, 0.0475)

SMU, social media use; SM, social media.