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. 2021 Feb 4;23:1191–1203. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.031

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Characterization of osteoclast-derived sEVs

(A) Representative images of TRAP staining of BMMs stimulated with RANKL (100 ng/mL) and M-CSF (50 ng/mL) for 96 h. Scale bar represents 200 μm. (B) Quantification analysis of the proportion of TRAP-positive cells in each well (96-well plate); n = 5. (C) A clustering heatmap shows the expression profile of RANKL-dependent specific genes of osteoclastogenesis from 0 to 96 h. (D) Transmission electron microscopy of osteoclast-derived sEVs (OC-sEVs). Red dotted box shows the lipid bilayer membrane structure of sEVs. Scale bar represents 50 nm. (E) Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed that most OC-sEVs ranged from 70 to 140 nm in diameter with a peak at 90 nm. (F) western blot analysis showed the protein levels of Lamin A/C, histone 3, CD81, TSG101, and β-actin in BMM cell lysate and extracted OC-sEVs. Data in the figures represent the averages ± SD. ∗∗p < 0.01, for differences between the treatment and control groups.