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. 2021 Feb 9;8:630543. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.630543

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) demonstrating the causal paths hypothesized to be underlying the relationship between serum free thiols, representing systemic oxidative stress, and the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. Following from this graph, several confounders were accounted for in the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.