FIGURE 6.

Role of exosomes in the smooth muscle cell (SMC)‐CM‐stimulated migration and proliferation of induced pluripotent stem cell‐endothelial cell (iPSC‐EC). A, Role of protein factors in SMC‐CM‐mediated angiogenesis. SMC‐CM was heated at 95°C for 10 minutes to denature protein components. The effects of SMC‐CM and heated SMC‐CM on the chemotactic migration of iPSC‐EC were determined. B, Isolation of exosomes from SMC‐CM. Exosomes were isolated from SMC‐CM by centrifugation. The levels of exosomal markers (CD9, CD63, and HSP70) in the SMC‐CM, SMC‐exosomes, and exosome‐depleted SMC‐CM (ΔExosome SMC‐CM) were determined by western blotting. C, Dose‐dependent effects of SMC‐exosomes on the chemotactic migration of iPSC‐EC. The effects of SMC‐CM and ΔExosome SMC‐CM on EC migration were examined. D, Role of exosomes in SMC‐CM‐stimulated proliferation of iPSC‐EC. The effects of SMC‐CM, SMC‐exosome, and ΔExosome SMC‐CM on the proliferation of iPSC‐EC were examined. Data indicate mean ± SD (n = 4). **P < .01; ***P < .001