FIGURE 5.

Enhanced immunomodulatory capacity. Macrophages, derived from mouse bone marrow, were cultured with: PBS (Control), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell‐derived conditioned media (+AMSC CM), or eCP‐derived conditioned media (+eCP CM). Conditioned media was extracted from the same starting volume (one confluent T75 flask, 10 mL volume) and 200 μL was added to 2 mL of media per well. LPS‐induced inflammation, characterized by a surge in M1 macrophage markers, was reversed by +eCP CM treatment. Notably, anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophage markers were concomitantly activated by the +eCP CM treatment. Fold change was normalized to PBS (Control). *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001 with one‐way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Bonferroni test (three biological replicates, with technical duplicates, per group). ANOVA, analysis of variance; PBS, phosphate buffered saline