Table 3.
ANCOVA results for children’s negative affect and behaviors when visiting their fathers in jail (N = 71)
| Dependent variable: Child’s negative affect and behaviorsa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor | Sum of squares | df | Mean square | F | p | Partial η2 |
| Corrected model | 8.932 | 8 | 1.116 | 1.718 | .112 | .181 |
| Intercept | 2.206 | 1 | 2.206 | 3.395 | .070 | .052 |
| Child previously visited father | 1.122 | 1 | 1.122 | 1.727 | .194 | .027 |
| Visit type | 0.194 | 1 | 0.194 | 0.299 | .587 | .005 |
| Child witnessed father’s arrest | 0.857 | 1 | 0.857 | 1.319 | .255 | .021 |
| Child gender | 0.484 | 1 | 0.484 | 0.745 | .391 | .012 |
| Child age in years | 1.343 | 1 | 1.343 | 2.068 | .155 | .032 |
| What child was told | 0.100 | 1 | 0.100 | 0.154 | .696 | .002 |
| Educational outreach condition | 1.483 | 1 | 1.483 | 2.282 | .136 | .036 |
| What Child Was Told × Educational Outreach Condition | 0.361 | 1 | 0.361 | 0.555 | .459 | .009 |
| Error | 40.285 | 62 | 0.650 | |||
| Total | 139.000 | 71 | ||||
| Corrected total | 49.217 | 70 | ||||
| R2 = .181 | ||||||
a
Child’s negative affect and behaviors represents the sum of the following codes from the Prison Jail Observation Checklist coded during the child’s visit with the jailed father: angry, whining, and avoidant toward the incarcerated parent; and angry, crying, whining, fearful, and avoidant toward the caregiver.