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. 2021 Feb 22;40:76. doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-01864-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Expression and characterization of circAGAP1 in ccRCC. a The expression of circAGAP1 in ccRCC was examined by microarray. b The exonic information of circAGAP1 (circBase ID: hsa_circ_0058792) is demonstrated. Hsa_circ_0058792 is generated by circularization of exons 2–6 of the AGAP1 gene. The back-splicing junction was verified via Sanger sequencing. c Random hexamer or oligo (dT)18 primers were used for the reverse transcription assay. The RNA levels of circAGAP1, linear AGAP1 and GAPDH were detected by RT-qPCR in samples with RNase R (RNase R+) or without RNAse R (RNase R-) treatment. Data are presented as the means ± SEM from three independent experiments. d Expression levels of circAGAP1 in paired ccRCC and adjacent noncancerous tissues (n = 34). e qRT-PCR analysis of circAGAP1 expression in human ccRCC cell lines (A498, ACHN, CAKI-1 and OS-RC-2) and HK2 cells. f, g qRT-PCR analysis of circAGAP1 expression in human ccRCC cells (A498, ACHN) subjected to either normoxia or hypoxia for 12 h. Data are presented as the means ± SEM from three independent experiments and are expressed as the relative fold-change over normoxic controls. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001