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. 2020 Dec 17;41(3):1127–1145. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315031

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© 2020 The Authors.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology is published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

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Figure 4. — Extracellular vesicles (EVs) attenuate oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced upregulation of ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 transporter) via inhibiting the NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathway. A, Quantitative analysis of p65 expression of cytoplasm and nucleus fractions in normoxia control, OGD, and OGD treated with EVs groups using Western blot analysis normalized with the housekeeping proteins GAPDH in the cytoplasm fractions and Histone H3 in the nucleus fractions. B, Nonquantitative immunofluorescence staining of p65 (green), EVs-DiI (red), and DAPI (blue) in 3 groups showed p65 nuclear translocation of the NF-κB pathway. Scale bars: 20 µm. C and D, Quantitative analysis of ABCB1 and p65 expression by Western blot analysis in normoxia control, OGD, OGD treated with EVs, OGD with SN50 (NF-κB translocation inhibitor) and OGD with valspodar (ABCB1 inhibitor) groups. Western blots were normalized with the housekeeping protein α-tubulin (n=3 per group). E, Statistical analysis of rhodamine 123 accumulation in ECs representing ABCB1 transporter activity were done in the same groups (n=6 per groups). DAPI indicates 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Data are expressed as mean±SD, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001.