Table 1.
The Results of Discriminant Validity Test
| Variables | AFV | COV | NOV | SEV | HOV | OPV | REV | EXV | INV | TIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFV | 0.779 | |||||||||
| COV | 0.588** | 0.714 | ||||||||
| NOV | 0.522** | 0.516** | 0.752 | |||||||
| SEV | 0.225** | 0.304** | 0.220** | 0.747 | ||||||
| HOV | 0.219** | 0.227** | 0.172** | 0.498** | 0.760 | |||||
| OPV | 0.190** | 0.200** | 0.168** | 0.557** | 0.550** | 0.711 | ||||
| REV | 0.167** | 0.146** | 0.076 | 0.512** | 0.522** | 0.505** | 0.749 | |||
| EXV | 0.247** | 0.276** | 0.205** | 0.344** | 0.307** | 0.320** | 0.245** | 0.762 | ||
| INV | 0.282** | 0.294** | 0.213** | 0.359** | 0.287** | 0.278** | 0.238** | 0.582** | 0.765 | |
| TIV | −.499** | −.539** | −.471** | −.423** | −.417** | −.339** | −.273** | −.506** | −.465** | 0.792 |
Notes: **P<0.01; The square root of AVE is shown in italics.
Abbreviations: AFV, affective commitment; NOV, normative commitment average; COV, continuance commitment average; SEV, self-efficacy average; HOV, hope average; OPV, optimism average; REV, resilience average; EXV, extrinsic satisfaction average; INV, intrinsic satisfaction average; TIV, turnover intention average.