Table 1.
Demographics of the study cohorts. All values presented in the table represent data collected at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis.
| Variable | Total cohort (N=5594), n (%) | Subcohorts | |||
|
|
|
Development cohort (n=3729), n (%) | Validation cohort (n=1865), n (%) | ||
| Demographics, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Age (years) | ||||
|
|
|
0-9 | 66 (1.2) | 46 (1.2) | 20 (1.1) |
|
|
|
10-19 | 205 (3.7) | 146 (3.9) | 59 (3.2) |
|
|
|
20-29 | 1,110 (19.8) | 725 (19.4) | 385 (20.6) |
|
|
|
30-39 | 564 (10.1) | 378 (10.1) | 186 (10) |
|
|
|
40-49 | 739 (13.2) | 487 (13.1) | 252 (13.5) |
|
|
|
50-59 | 1,140 (20.4) | 768 (20.6) | 372 (19.9) |
|
|
|
60-69 | 905 (16.2) | 605 (16.2) | 300 (16.1) |
|
|
|
70-79 | 542 (9.7) | 364 (9.8) | 178 (9.5) |
|
|
|
≥ 80 | 323 (5.8) | 210 (5.6) | 113 (6.1) |
|
|
Gender (male) | 2,307 (41.2) | 1536 (41.2) | 1094 (58.7) | |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||||
|
|
Hypertension (missing n=3) | 1196 (21.4) | 795 (21.3) | 401 (21.5) | |
|
|
Diabetes (missing n=3) | 686 (12.3) | 452 (12.1) | 234 (12.5) | |
|
|
Dementia (missing n=329) | 224 (4) | 150 (4) | 74 (4) | |
|
|
Cardiac disease (missing n=19) | 179 (3.2) | 122 (3.3) | 57 (3.1) | |
|
|
Cancer in active treatmenta (missing n=4) | 143 (2.6) | 90 (2.4) | 53 (2.8) | |
|
|
Asthma (missing n=3) | 128 (2.3) | 82 (2.2) | 46 (2.5) | |
|
|
Chronic hepatic diseaseb (missing n=326) | 82 (1.5) | 47 (1.3) | 35 (1.9) | |
|
|
Heart failure (missing n=3) | 58 (1) | 36 (1) | 22 (1.2) | |
|
|
Chronic renal failure (missing n=3) | 55 (1) | 36 (1) | 19 (1) | |
|
|
Chronic obstructive lung disease (missing n=3) | 40 (0.7) | 25 (0.7) | 15 (0.8) | |
|
|
Autoimmune disease (missing n=332) | 38 (0.7) | 31 (0.8) | 7 (0.4) | |
| Symptoms (missing n=4), n (%) | |||||
|
|
Sputum | 1610 (28.8) | 1114 (29.9) | 496 (26.6) | |
|
|
Fever | 1300 (23.2) | 852 (22.8) | 448 (24) | |
|
|
Dyspnea | 662 (11.8) | 454 (12.2) | 208 (11.2) | |
|
|
Diarrhea | 516 (9.2) | 345 (9.3) | 171 (9.2) | |
|
|
Nausea or vomiting | 244 (4.4) | 168 (4.5) | 76 (4.1) | |
|
|
Fatigue | 233 (4.2) | 164 (4.4) | 69 (3.7) | |
|
|
Mental disturbance, n (%) | 32 (0.6) | 22 (0.6) | 10 (0.5) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (missing n=135), n (%) | |||||
|
|
<120 | 1306 (23.3) | 907 (24.3) | 399 (21.4) | |
|
|
120-129 | 1138 (20.3) | 733 (19.7) | 405 (21.7) | |
|
|
130-139 | 1084 (19.4) | 705 (18.9) | 379 (20.3) | |
|
|
140-159 | 1418 (25.3) | 960 (25.7) | 458 (24.6) | |
|
|
≥160 | 513 (9.2) | 330 (8.8) | 183 (9.8) | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) (missing n=135), n (%) | |||||
|
|
<80 | 2102 (37.6) | 1401 (37.6) | 701 (37.6) | |
|
|
80-89 | 1797 (32.1) | 1201 (32.2) | 596 (32) | |
|
|
90-99 | 1056 (18.9) | 686 (18.4) | 370 (19.8) | |
|
|
≥100 | 504 (9) | 347 (9.3) | 157 (8.4) | |
| Heart rate (per min) (missing n=122), mean (SD) | 85.8 (15.1) | 85.8 (15.1) | 85.8 (15.1) | ||
|
|
<110, n (%) | 5136 (91.8) | 3,374 (90.5) | 1709 (91.6) | |
|
|
≥110, n (%) | 336 (6) | 272 (7.3) | 117 (6.3) | |
| Body temperature (°C) (missing n=37), mean (SD) | 36.9 (0.6) | 36.9 (0.6) | 36.9 (0.6) | ||
|
|
<38°C, n (%) | 5348 (95.6) | 3523 (94.5) | 1752 (93.9) | |
|
|
≥38°C, n (%) | 209 (3.7) | 179 (4.8) | 103 (5.5) | |
| Baseline hemogram | |||||
|
|
Hemoglobin (g/dL) (missing n=1519), mean (SD) | 13.3 (1.8) | 13.3 (1.7) | 13.3 (1.8) | |
|
|
|
≥12.5, n (%) | 2882 (51.5) | 1923 (51.6) | 959 (51.4) |
|
|
|
<12.5, n (%) | 1193 (21.3) | 773 (20.7) | 420 (22.5) |
|
|
Absolute lymphocyte count (per mm3) (missing n=1542), mean (SD) | 1691 (1,054) | 1697 (955) | 1,681 (1,225) | |
|
|
|
≥1000, n (%) | 3266 (58.4) | 2161 (58) | 1105 (59.2) |
|
|
|
<1000, n (%) | 786 (14.1) | 518 (13.9) | 268 (14.4) |
|
|
Platelet count (per mm3) (missing n=1517), mean (SD) | 236,814 (82,846) | 238,377 (82,789) | 233,760 (82,900) | |
|
|
|
≥100,000, n (%) | 3986 (71.3) | 2634 (70.6) | 1352 (72.5) |
|
|
|
<100,000, n (%) | 91 (1.6) | 62 (1.7) | 29 (1.6) |
|
|
Follow-up (days), median (95% CI) | 25 (24-25) | 25 (24-25) | 25 (24-25) | |
aCases that achieved complete cure of cancer were excluded.
bCases with chronic hepatitis were included in this category.