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. 2021 Feb 10;15(2):e0008885. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008885

Fig 1. CV-A6 is the major etiological agent for symptomatic HFMD in Singapore, 2013–2018.

Fig 1

(A) Percentage of enteroviruses detected in the study (n = 101); 81% of throat-swab samples were tested positive for presence of enteroviruses using pan-entero RT-PCR. 19% of the total cohort tested negative for presence of enterovirus. HSV1 was isolated from 5 patients (5% of total cohort) where pan-entero PCR tested negative for enteroviruses. 14% of the cohort was untypeable by partial VP1 sequencing while pan-entero PCR tested negative; 29% was unidentifiable while pan-entero PCR tested positive for enteroviruses. Virus enriched NGS was carried out on 8 known CV-A6 samples which confirmed the presence of full length CV-A6 and 7 previously un-identified samples which revealed n = 5 CV-A6, n = 1 EV-A71 and n = 1 CV-A10 infections. (B) Enteroviruses detected in symptomatic HFMD cohort stratified by year of collection.