Table 3.

Types of plastic waste generated from various sources during COVID-19 and their energy yields upon pyrolysis treatment process.

S. No.	Sources	Types of plastic waste	Carbon ratio (%)	Pyrolysis temperatures (°C)	Energy yields (%)			Other substances	References
					Liquid oil	Gases	Char
1	Fruit juice bottles, soft drink bottles, mineral water cans	Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)	63.94	500	38.9	52.1	8.9	–	Sharuddin et al. (2017); Erdogan (2020); Sharuddin et al. (2018)
2	Detergent bottles, milk bottles, toys, oil containers	High-density polyethylene (HDPE)	86.99	350	80.9	17.2	1.9	–	Luo et al. (2000); Kyong et al. (2002); Abbas-Abadi et al. (2013); Ahmad et al. (2014)
				400	82	16	2	–
				450	91.2	4.1	4.7	–
				500	85	10	5	–
3	Plastic bags, garbage bags, wrapping foils for packaging	Low-density polyethylene (LDPE)	85.6	425	89.5	10	0.5	–	Williams and Williams (1998); Onwudili et al. (2009); Marcilla et al. (2009); Fakhrhoseini and Dastanian (2013)
				500	80.4	19.4	0.2	–
				550	93.1	6.9	–	–
				600	51.0	24.2	–	Wax - 24.8
4	Water pipes and electrical insulations	Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)	37.24	500	12.79	87.7	–	–	Sharuddin et al. (2017); Erdogan (2020)
				520	12.8	0.34	28.1	HCl – 58.2
5	Facemask, packaging, as plastic parts in automotive industry, special devices like living hinges, and textiles	Polypropylene (PP)	86.88	300	69.8	28.8	1.3	–	Sakata et al. (1999); Ahmad et al. (2014); Abbas-Abadi et al. (2014); Erdogan (2020)
				380	80.1	6.6	13.3	–
				400	85	13	2	–
				450	92.3	4.1	3.6	–
				500	82.1	17.76	0.12	–
6	Construction, electronics, medical appliances, food packaging, and toys.	Polystyrene (PS)	91.57	400	90	6	4	–	Kyong et al. (2002); Demirbas (2004); Adnan et al. (2014)
				425	97	2.5	0.5	–
				500	96.7	3.27	–	–
				581	89.5	9.9	0.6	–