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. 2021 Feb 4;11:618373. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.618373

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Copyright © 2021 Del Valle, Fulk, Kalvapalle, Silberg, Masiello and Stadler.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Strategies for identifying regulatory elements to program environmental microbes. (A) Native promoters and RBS from the organisms being engineered can be used to build the synthetic circuits if their activities are known. (B) Promoter and polymerase pairs that are functionally orthogonal from those in the native organisms can be used to control transcription, such as those encoded by phage. (C) Computational models can design synthetic RBS sequences (sRBS) with a range of translation initiation strengths. (D) Large-scale transcriptomics data can be mined for promoter and RBS sequences that are active at similar levels across a broad range of strains.