TABLE 5.

Concentration of lead in cereal grains.

Crop	Country	Study/Contamination	Pb contents (mg kg–1)	Crop	Country	Study/Contamination	Pb contents (mg kg–1)
Barley	Ethiopia	Market survey (Tegegne, 2015)	0.03	Rice	France	Market survey (Leblanc et al., 2005)	0.01
Barley	Ethiopia	Farmer field (Eticha and Hymete, 2015)	0.82–5.64	Rice	Nigeria	Market survey (Akinyele and Shokunbi, 2015)	<0.08
Maize	Nigeria	Contaminated soil (Orisakwe et al., 2012)	1.01	Rice	India	Organic farming (Chandorkar and Vaze, 2013)	0.10
Maize	Nigeria	Market survey (Akinyele and Shokunbi, 2015)	<0.08	Rice	Australia	Market survey (Rahman et al., 2014)	0.02–1.30
Maize	Bangladesh	Field survey (Islam et al., 2014)	0.04–1.30	Rice	India	Peri-urban areas (Tripathi et al., 1997)	0.02
Millet	Finland	Market survey (Ekholm et al., 2007)	0.02	Rice	Bangladesh	Field survey (Islam et al., 2014)	0.07–1.30
Millet	Nigeria	Contaminated field (Orisakwe et al., 2012)	3.54	Sorghum	Ethiopia	Market survey (Tegegne, 2015)	0.08
Oat	Finland	Market survey (Ekholm et al., 2007)	0.05	Sorghum	Bulgaria	Contaminated area (Angelova et al., 2011)	10.30
Rice	Nigeria	Farmer field (Orisakwe et al., 2012)	61	Wheat	India	Peri-urban area (Tripathi et al., 1997)	0.02
Rice	Saudi Arabia	Market survey (Othman, 2010)	0.02–0.03	Wheat	Ethiopia	Market survey (Tegegne, 2015)	0.05
Rice	Saudi Arabia	Market survey (Ali and Al-Qahtani, 2012)	6.16	Wheat	Saudi Arabia	Market survey (Ali and Al-Qahtani, 2012)	2.80
Wheat	Belgium	Organic and conventional farming (Harcz et al., 2007)	0.04–0.10	Wheat	Bangladesh	Field survey (Islam et al., 2014)	0.03–1.30
Wheat	Brazil	Market survey (Santos et al., 2004)	<0.01–0.02	Wheat	Nigeria	Market survey (Akinyele and Shokunbi, 2015)	<0.08
Wheat	Spain	Samples from flour industry (Tejera et al., 2013)	0.04	Wheat	India	Organic farming (Chandorkar and Vaze, 2013)	0.12
Maximum permissible limit			0.20				0.20