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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Birth Defects Res. 2020 Oct 30;112(19):1660–1698. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1830

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Simplified glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling pathway. Examples of the endogenous ligand (cortisol) and a synthetic ligand (dexamethasone) are presented in the top panels. The pathway’s direct or indirect modulation of gene expression and protein abundance associated with orofacial clefts is shown in the white box. FKBP51, FK506 binding protein 51 (representing immunophilins). GRE, glucocorticoid response element. HSP90, heat shock protein 90.