Table 1.

Papers that studied patient empowerment or other related concepts.

Characteristic		Established online community		Undefined online community		Designed online community
		Papers, n (%)	References	Papers, n (%)	References	Papers, n (%)	References
Total papers (N=33)a		21 (64)	[37-57]	7 (21)	[58-64]	5 (15)	[65-69]
Concept studied
	Patient empowerment	15 (45)	[37-40,43,46-52,54,55,57]	4 (12)	[58-61]	4 (12)	[65-67,69]
	Patient activation	1 (3)	[45]	0 (0)	N/Ab	0 (0)	N/A
	Patient engagement	0 (0)	N/A	0 (0)	N/A	1 (3)	[68]
	Adherence to treatment	2 (6)	[44,56]	1 (3)	[64]	0 (0)	N/A
	Self-reappraisal	0 (0)	N/A	1 (3)	[63]	0 (0)	N/A
	Self-efficacy	1 (3)	[56]	0 (0)	N/A	0 (0)	N/A
	Cyber-informational and decisional empowerment	0 (0)	N/A	1 (3)	[62]	0 (0)	N/A
	Intrapersonal and interactional aspect of psychological empowerment	1 (3)	[53]	0 (0)	N/A	0 (0)	N/A
	Individual and collective empowerment	0 (0)	N/A	1 (3)	[64]	0 (0)	N/A
	Well-being	2 (6)	[41,42]	0 (0)	N/A	0 (0)	N/A
	Emotional coping	1 (3)	[41]	0 (0)	N/A	0 (0)	N/A

^aAll percentages refer to the total number of papers, N=33.

^bN/A: not applicable.