Table 8.

Associations between Resident Negative Utterances and Characteristics of Staff and Residents

Characteristic	bh	SE	t	p > |t| i	Odds ratio	95% CI j
Intercept	−1.878	1.116	−1.68	.093	0.153	[0.017, 1.375]
Staff age	−0.002	0.065	−0.04	.971	0.998	[0.878, 1.134]
Staff years worked as a caregiver	−0.176	0.084	−2.09	.037	0.838	[0.710, 0.989]
Staff years worked in current facility	0.152	0.159	0.96	.339	1.164	[0.852, 1.590]
Resident age	0.009	0.062	0.15	.882	1.009	[0.893, 1.141]
Resident comorbidity (0–70)	0.024	0.125	0.19	.848	1.024	[0.797, 1.317]
Resident functional status (MDS-ADL, 0–60)	0.112	0.101	1.11	.266	1.119	[0.918, 1.365]
Video duration [ln(minutes)]	1.314	0.416	3.16	.002	3.720	[1.647, 8.403]
Staff gender (female vs. male)	−1.058	1.138	−0.93	.353	0.347	[0.037, 3.262]
Staff race (White vs. African American)	−1.480	1.056	−1.40	.162	0.228	[0.029, 1.818]
Resident gender (female vs. male)	2.476	1.147	2.16	.032	11.892	[1.237, 114.289]
Resident dementia stagea (moderately severeb vs. severec)	1.595	2.052	0.78	.440	4.927	[0.082, 294.349]
Resident eating functiond
Partially (in)dependente vs. dependentf	0.198	1.659	0.12	.905	1.220	[0.046, 32.419]
Independentg vs. dependentf	1.299	1.404	0.93	.356	3.666	[0.229, 58.624]

Note:

^aResident dementia stage was determined using the Functional Assessment Staging in Alzheimer’s Disease (FAST);

^bFAST score 6 to <7;

^cFAST score ≥ 7;

^dProportion of food intakes (solid or liquid) initiated by resident;

^eBetween 25% and 75% of food intakes initiated by resident;

^f0 – 25% of food intakes initiated by resident;

^g75% – 100%% of food intakes initiated by resident;

^hb = unstandardized regression coefficient estimate;

ⁱp > |t| = p-values for a t-test of significance of an effect or a level of an effect;

^j95% CI = 95% confidence interval.