Table 4.
Microorganisms or microbial communities using metabolomic approaches in biodegradation.
| S. no. | Microorganisms/ microbial communities | Xenobiotics/ pollutants | Comments/results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Burkholderia sp. C3 | N-methylcarbamates | Metabolomic analysis identified a total of 196 polar metabolites, 10 medium-to-long-chain fatty acids, and one type of macromolecule polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in strain C3 in the degradation of N-methylcarbamate pesticides. | Seo et al., 2013 |
| 2. | Lactobacillus plantarum | Phorate | Metabolomic analysis identified a number of differential abundant metabolites in the presence of phorate by L. plantarum, and apparent alterations of metabolome profiles in cell-culture supernatant that contained phorate in comparison with the non-pesticide containing one. | Li et al., 2019 |
| 3. | Mycobacterium sp. DBP42 Halomonas sp. ATBC28 | Plasticizers/phthalates (DBP/DHEP/ATBC) | Metabolomic study explored the metabolic potential of biofilm-producing marine bacterial isolates that colonize plastics, and revealed different mechanisms used for ester side chain removal from different plasticizers, i.e., DBP, DHEP, and ATBC. | Wright et al., 2020 |
| 4. | Photobacterium ganghwense | Cyfluthrin | Metabolomics explored the biotransformation pathway of cyfluthrin with the identification of 156 metabolites during biodegradation process. | Wang et al., 2019 |
| 5. | Mycobacterium vanbaalenii strain PYR-1 | Benz[a]anthracene | Benz[a]anthracene was metabolized by M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 via four degradation pathways and produced numerous metabolites. Major metabolites identified by GC-MS and NMR spectral analysis were 3-hydrobenzo[f]isobenzofuran-1-one, 6-hydrofuran[3,4-g]chromene-2,8-dione, benzo[g]chromene-2-one, naphtha[2,1-g]chromen-10-one, 10-hydroxy-11methoxybenz[a]anthracene and 10, 11dimethoxybenz[a]anthracene. | Moody et al., 2005 |
| 6. | Bacillus sp. 3B6 | Mesotrione | Ex situ NMR and LC-NMR techniques used to define the metabolic pathway involved during the biotransformation of mesotrione by Bacillus sp. 3B6. The complementarities of these NMR techniques identified two major metabolites (glutarate and MNBA), revealing the presence of a new metabolic pathway. | Durand et al., 2010 |
| 7. | Drechslera sp. | Methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MtBE) | Metabolomic analysis revealed the presence of two major bioactive metabolites, monocerin, and an alkyl substituted epoxycyclohexanone derivative that showed good antifungal activity and bioremediation. | d'Errico et al., 2020 |
| 8. | Sinorhizobium sp. C4 | Phenanthrene | Comprehensive metabolite profiles, including polar metabolites, fatty acids, and polyhydroxyalkanoates were evaluated through untargeted metabolome analyses during phenanthrene degradation by Sinorhizobium sp. C4. | Keum et al., 2008 |
| 9. | Bacillus thuringiensis strain ZS-19 | Cyhalothrin | Metabolomic analysis of strain ZS-19 through HPLC and GC-MS revealed biodegradation mechanisms of cyhalothrin. | Chen et al., 2015 |
| 11. | Soil microbial communities | Toxic pollutants | Metabolomics proposed to explore bioremediation potential, molecular changes, and metabolic pathways developed in microorganisms in contaminated environments. | Withers et al., 2020 |
| 12. | Soil microbial communities | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) | Metabolomics with combined enzyme activity and sequencing analysis revealed the response of soil microbial communities to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stress and their metabolic degradation pathway. | Li et al., 2018 |