TABLE 1.
Summary of the 47 ST59 isolates selected for whole genome sequencing.
|
IEC |
MES |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| WGS | Strain | MRSA/ | Year | Location | PFGE | spa | SCC | PVL | scn | chp | sak | sea | sep | ϕSa3 | IEC | IS1216V | tnp | tnpR | ermB | aph | sat | aadE | IS1216V | cat | IS1216V | aacA- | MES | C. elegans |
| subgroup | MSSA | group | mec | Integrase | Type‡ | tn551 | (3′)-III | aphD | Type† | calibrated death | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | H509 | MSSA | 1993 | CAN | 1 | 172 | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | − | C* | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.4017 |
| S2459 | MSSA | 2010 | CAN | 6 | 163 | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | − | C* | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.2460 | |
| H291 | MRSA | 1992 | CAN | 6 | 163 | IV | − | + | + | + | + | − | − | C* | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.5103 | |
| PRE | MSSA | 2001 | CAN | 6 | 163 | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | − | C* | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.1724 | |
| GD321 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 6 | 163 | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | + | B* | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.2371 | |
| 2 | SSR | MSSA | 2012 | CAN | 6 | 216 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.4333 |
| KAE | MSSA | 2007 | CAN | 6 | 2365 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.1000 | |
| 290N | MSSA | 2014 | CAN | 6 | 216 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.1517 | |
| 3 | GD1409 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVg | − | + | − | + | − | + | + | G | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | unk-1 | 0.1067 |
| GD875 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 1751 | − | − | + | − | + | − | + | + | G | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | unk-1 | 0.1265 | |
| 4 | GD912 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 4 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0000 |
| GD517 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 6 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | PM18 | 0.2111 | |
| GD26 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 1 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | PM18 | 0.2782 | |
| GD38 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | PM9 | 0.1522 | |||
| GD31 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 441 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0000 | |
| GD3.1 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 441 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.1211 | |
| GD1633 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 2 | 441 | IVa | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | C** | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0278 | |
| GD75 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0692 | |
| GD19 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.1703 | |
| GD81 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0775 | |
| GD15 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.1827 | |
| GD1907 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0324 | |
| GD1958 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 1 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | B | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.1479 | |
| 5 | SA28 | MSSA | 2003 | CAN | 2 | 437 | − | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.2010 |
| GD52 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 2 | 437 | IVa | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0702 | |
| GD858 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 2 | 4347 | IVa | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.3086 | |
| GD1054 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 437 | IVa | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | C* | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.1360 | |
| GD27 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 4 | 441 | IVa | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | C* | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.2447 | |
| GD1605 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 1 | 1751 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.3899 | |
| GD251 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 3485 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.0604 | |
| GD1171 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 8886 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.5861 | |
| GD843 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 1 | 8886 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | PM18 | 0.2307 | |
| GD1941 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 437 | IVa | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.1778 | |
| GD910 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 4134 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | PM18 | 0.0000 | |
| GD1976 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 5 | 437 | IV | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | PM9 | 0.0333 | |||
| GD511 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 2 | 437 | − | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.2046 | |
| IEC | MES | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GD1176 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 7 | 437 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | PM18 | 0.0707 | |
| GD1038 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 3 | 437 | IVg | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.1000 | |
| GD954 | MSSA | 2010 | GD | 7 | 437 | − | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | PM9 | 0.0679 | ||
| 6 | MS07MS-625 | MRSA | 2007 | CAN | 2 | 437 | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.2371 |
| CAN20 | MRSA | MAL | 2 | 3590 | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | PM9 | 0.0693 | ||
| C11224 | MRSA | 2006 | CAN | 2 | 437 | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.0636 | |
| C3714 | MRSA | 2006 | CAN | 2 | unk | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.4278 | |
| GD21 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 2 | 437 | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.0000 | |
| GD1068 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 7 | 437 | Vb | − | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.1269 | |
| GD1199 | MRSA | 2010 | GD | 2 | 437 | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.1037 | |
| C889b | MRSA | 2008 | CAN | 2 | 437 | Vb | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | C | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | PM1 | 0.2376 | |
Country and year of isolation are indicated, as well as relevant molecular characteristics and their associated virulence, as measured in the C. elegans infection model. MRSA, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA, methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus; PFGE, Pulsed field gel electrophoresis; spa, staphylococcal protein A; SCCmec, Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec; PVL, Panton-Valentine leucocidin; IEC, immune evasion cluster; scn, complement inhibitor; chp, chemotaxis-inhibiting protein; sak, Staphylokinase precursor; sea, staphylococcal enterotoxin A precursor; sep, staphylococcal enterotoxin P precursor; MES, mobile element structure; tnp tn551, tn551 transposase; tnpR, resolvase; ermB, erythromycin resistance transferase; aph(3′)-III, aminoglycoside 3′-phosphotransferase; sat, streptothricin acetyltransferase; aadE, streptomycin adenylyltransferase; cat, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase; aacA-aphD, bifunctional aminoglycoside modifying enzyme; ‡, as defined by Hung et al. (2016) and this study; †, as defined by Hung et al. (2012) and this study; +, positive for trait/gene; −, negative for trait/gene; * and **, IEC variants as defined by Table 2 of this study; unk, unknown.