Table 2.
Characteristics of patients by group in two of the final three quarters of 2011.
| Characteristics | Elderly | Diabetes mellitus type 2 | CHF | CHD | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Intervention group | P-value | Control group | Intervention group | P-value | Control group | Intervention group | P-value | Control group | Intervention group | P-value | |
| Number of patients | 282,228 | 293,135 | 72,480 | 91,229 | 38,551 | 43,962 | 57,666 | 68,092 | ||||
| Socio-economic parameter | ||||||||||||
| Mean age, years (SD) | 76.3 (7.3) | 75.7 (6.8) | > 0.001 | 71.5 (11.3) | 70.8 (11.2) | > 0.001 | 78.2 (10.3) | 77.1 (10.0) | > 0.001 | 74.3 (10.4) | 73.7 (10.2) | > 0.001 |
| Sex, % women | 61.3 | 59.6 | > 0.001 | 54.4 | 53.4 | > 0.001 | 61.9 | 58.7 | > 0.001 | 44.3 | 42.7 | > 0.001 |
| Need for nursing, % | 17.4 | 12.7 | > 0.001 | 15.6 | 11.8 | > 0.001 | 30.0 | 23.3 | > 0.001 | 16.4 | 13.1 | > 0.001 |
| Rural practice, % | 48.5 | 46.0 | > 0.001 | 49.9 | 47.7 | > 0.001 | 45.6 | 44.0 | > 0.001 | 50.7 | 48.0 | > 0.001 |
| Group practice* | 36.0 | 47.7 | > 0.001 | 38.1 | 48.5 | > 0.001 | 36.3 | 46.6 | > 0.001 | 37.5 | 47.6 | > 0.001 |
| Health service utilization, % | ||||||||||||
| DMP CHD | 5.7 | 11.7 | > 0.001 | 8.5 | 15.3 | > 0.001 | 11.7 | 23.6 | > 0.001 | 28.2 | 53.4 | > 0.001 |
| DMP DM | 15.1 | 25.3 | > 0.001 | 54.0 | 77.9 | > 0.001 | 20.5 | 33.2 | > 0.001 | 22.8 | 34.8 | > 0.001 |
| Hospital admission | 8.4 | 7.9 | > 0.001 | 9.9 | 9.2 | > 0.001 | 15.8 | 15.0 | > 0.001 | 15.0 | 14.1 | > 0.001 |
| Mean Charlson Comorbidity Index (SD) | 2.1 (2.2) | 2.2 (2.2) | > 0.001 | 3.3 (2.3) | 3.4 (2.3) | > 0.001 | 3.6 (2.5) | 3.7 (2.5) | > 0.001 | 3.0 (2.5) | 3.1 (2.5) | > 0.001 |
| Comorbid condition, % | ||||||||||||
| Renal failure | 7.8 | 8.0 | 0.005 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 0.003 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 0.6 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 0.542 |
| COPD | 9.0 | 10.2 | > 0.001 | 10.3 | 11.3 | > 0.001 | 15.6 | 17.3 | > 0.001 | 13.3 | 14.7 | > 0.001 |
| Dementia | 7.8 | 5.7 | > 0.001 | 5.8 | 4.5 | > 0.001 | 10.3 | 8.2 | > 0.001 | 6.3 | 5.1 | > 0.001 |
| Depression | 15.1 | 14.3 | > 0.001 | 16.5 | 15.6 | > 0.001 | 19.3 | 17.6 | > 0.001 | 17.2 | 15.6 | > 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular history, % | ||||||||||||
| CHD | 16.9 | 19.1 | 0.001 | 24.0 | 24.8 | > 0.001 | 38.7 | 41.8 | > 0.001 | 100.0 | 100.0 | n.a |
| CHF | 12.3 | 13.4 | > 0.001 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 0.834 | 100.0 | 100.0 | n.a | 25.9 | 27.0 | > 0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.033 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.137 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.119 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.115 |
| Hypertension | 68.3 | 70.5 | > 0.001 | 78.1 | 77.8 | 0.219 | 75.9 | 77.1 | > 0.001 | 78.6 | 78.8 | 0.285 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 8.9 | 9.4 | > 0.001 | 11.6 | 10.8 | > 0.001 | 26.9 | 26.4 | 0.082 | 16.9 | 16.3 | 0.004 |
CHF chronic heart failure, CHD coronary heart disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DMP disease management program, DM diabetes mellitus, SD standard deviation. *Doctors working in a group practice.