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. 2021 Feb 10;15:635925. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.635925

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Copyright © 2021 Cao, Liu, Liu, Liu, Xu, Wang, Zhu, Wang, Li, Wen, Shen, Li, Nie and Kong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae and associated genera are negatively correlated with plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IFN-γ in subjects with ASD via Spearman’s rank correlation. (A) Family level Lachnospiraceae relative abundance is negatively correlated with plasma levels of IL-6 in subjects with ASD (n = 39). (B–E) Genus level associations between IL-6, IFN-γ, and relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae genera are significantly correlated in subjects with severe ASD (n = 17), but not in those with mild-to-moderate ASD (n = 22), as defined by CARS.