Table 1.
Demographic data and CSF biomarker concentrations across the diagnostic groups
| Control | AD | MCI | p | |
| Sample size: n | 52 | 48 | 72 | |
| Sex: female, n (%) | 34 (65) | 29 (60) | 44 (61) | 0.850a |
| Age: y, mean (SD) | 61.1 (8.9) | 69.0 (8.2) | 69.8 (6.8) | <0.0001b |
| Aβ42: mean, pg/mL (SD) [Aβ42-positive, % ]d | 757 (193) [12%] | 482 (194) [79%] | 706 (334) [36%] | <0.0001b |
| t-tau: mean, pg/mL (SD)c [t-tau-positive, % ]d | 225 (104) [13%] | 713 (527) [77%] | 492 (294) [57%] | <0.0001b |
| p-tau: mean, pg/mL (SD) [p-tau-positive, % ]d | 42 (15) [4%] | 95 (51) [60%] | 81 (61) [47%] | <0.0001b |
| # of WMH: mean, n (SD) | 132 (75) | 99 (118) | 89 (63) | 0.0007b |
| WMH volume: mean, mL (SD) | 5.7 (3.1) | 9.0 (7.9) | 8.7 (7.8) | 0.183b |
| WM: mean, mL (SD) | 515 (80) | 540 (79) | 550 (92) | 0.056b |
| VV: mean, mL (SD) | 23 (15) | 42 (23) | 40 (22) | <0.0001b |
| TIV: mean, mL (SD) | 1346 (139) | 1363 (118) | 1374 (121) | 0.364b |
CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; SD, standard deviation; Aβ42, amyloid-β; t-tau, total tau; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; # of WMH, number of white matter hyperintensities; WM, white matter; VV, ventricular volume; TIV, total intracranial volume. aChi-square test. bKruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s post hoc test. cNot available for n = 1 AD and n = 3 MCI patients dBased on local cut-off values.