Subject profiles. Subjects consisted of 10 cases of Alzheimer’s disease with dementia (ADD) and AD due to MCI (ADMCI), 17 of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and 9 of corticobasal degeneration (CBD). Six cases of encephalopathy (ENC) consisted of meningoencephalitis, Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, leukoencephalopathy, superficial siderosis, or cerebral angiitis. Three cases of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 14 cognitively unimpaired healthy controls (CU), 14 cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) and related disorders including neuromyelitis optica in the multiple sclerosis group, 6 of multiple system atrophy (MSA), 11 of Parkinson’s disease (PD), 4 of peripheral neuropathy (PN), 11 of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 15 of spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) were analyzed. No significant differences were observed in age among the CU and other groups