Table 4.
Results of adjusted logistic regression model showing association between Indian rural women's household sanitation facility and their experience of NPSV within the last twelve months (2015–16), N = 52,475.
| Model-1 |
Model-2 |
Model-3 |
Model-4 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | AOR | AOR | AOR | |||||
| Predictor | ||||||||
| Household sanitation facility | ||||||||
| Yes® | ||||||||
| No | 2.456*** | 1.828** | 2.486*** | 1.794** | 2.012* | 1.661* | 1.941* | 1.615* |
| [1.46,4.11] | [1.21,2.75] | [1.49,4.13] | [1.17,2.74] | [1.12,3.58] | [1.04,2.63] | [1.09,3.44] | [1.01,2.56] | |
| Individual level predictors | ||||||||
| Age | ||||||||
| 15-24 | 0.692 | 1.022 | 0.667 | 1.006 | 0.844 | 1.199 | ||
| [0.30,1.55] | [0.58,1.79] | [0.29,1.51] | [0.57,1.77] | [0.38,1.86] | [0.67,2.11] | |||
| 25-34 | 0.918 | 1.225 | 0.887 | 1.209 | 0.944 | 1.267 | ||
| [0.47,1.75] | [0.80,1.85] | [0.46,1.70] | [0.79,1.83] | [0.49,1.80] | [0.83,1.92] | |||
| 35–49® | ||||||||
| Education | ||||||||
| Up to primary | 0.879 | 1.174 | 0.68 | 1.127 | 0.674 | 1.15 | ||
| [0.32,2.40] | [0.56,2.45] | [0.25,1.82] | [0.51,2.46] | [0.25,1.78] | [0.52,2.51] | |||
| Secondary | 0.756 | 0.887 | 0.679 | 0.906 | 0.719 | 0.984 | ||
| [0.31,1.81] | [0.44,1.77] | [0.28,1.60] | [0.44,1.83] | [0.30,1.69] | [0.48,1.99] | |||
| Higher® | ||||||||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Never Married® | ||||||||
| Ever married women | 0.609 | 0.423** | 0.641 | 0.426** | 0.694 | 0.456** | ||
| [0.29,1.27] | [0.25,0.71] | [0.30,1.33] | [0.25,0.72] | [0.33,1.42] | [0.27,0.77] | |||
| Household level predictors | ||||||||
| Caste | ||||||||
| Scheduled castes | 1.269 | 1.27 | 1.133 | 1.195 | ||||
| [0.56,2.83] | [0.70,2.29] | [0.50,2.57] | [0.66,2.16] | |||||
| Scheduled tribes | 1.197 | 1.053 | 0.997 | 0.971 | ||||
| [0.39,3.63] | [0.54,2.03] | [0.33,3.01] | [0.50,1.88] | |||||
| Other backward class | 0.817 | 1.023 | 0.79 | 1.026 | ||||
| [0.38,1.74] | [0.58,1.77] | [0.36,1.69] | [0.58,1.78] | |||||
| Others® | ||||||||
| Religion | ||||||||
| Hindu® | ||||||||
| Muslim | 0.663 | 0.696 | 0.721 | 0.705 | ||||
| [0.27,1.61] | [0.32,1.49] | [0.29,1.74] | [0.32,1.51] | |||||
| Others | 1.372 | 1.221 | 1.289 | 1.225 | ||||
| [0.60,3.12] | [0.54,2.73] | [0.57,2.90] | [0.55,2.71] | |||||
| Household water facility | ||||||||
| Within or nearby premises® | ||||||||
| Away from premises | 1.382 | 1.457 | 1.307 | 1.422 | ||||
| [0.70,2.71] | [0.89,2.38] | [0.66,2.56] | [0.86,2.32] | |||||
| Wealth quintile (without sanitation variable) | ||||||||
| Poor | 1.611 | 1.059 | 1.489 | 0.953 | ||||
| [0.90,2.86] | [0.60,1.87] | [0.83,2.65] | [0.53,1.69] | |||||
| Middle | 0.922 | 0.681 | 0.84 | 0.646 | ||||
| [0.49,1.72] | [0.40,1.15] | [0.45,1.56] | [0.37,1.10] | |||||
| Rich | ||||||||
| Working status of women | ||||||||
| No® | ||||||||
| Yes | 2.691*** | 2.222*** | ||||||
| [1.70,4.25] | [1.55,3.17] | |||||||
| State fixed effect | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Log-likelihood | −968.91 | −889.8 | −962.42 | −882.42 | −956.23 | −877.12 | −943.99 | −867.81 |
| Likelihood Ratio chi2 | 12.77 | 8.85 | 25.74 | 23.60 | 38.12 | 34.21 | 62.60 | 52.83 |
| Prob > chi2 | 0.0004 | 0.0029 | 0.0002 | 0.0006 | 0.0005 | 0.0019 | 0.000 | 0.0000 |
® Reference category; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.