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. 2020 Nov 12;2(2):e000079. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2020-000079

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Flow chart of hypothetical clinical trial protocol with three levels of selection of patients with mild cognitive impairment: (1) neuropsychological tests to distinguish amnestic and non-amnestic MCI (2) CSF analyses to identify subjects with high propensities to convert to AD and (3) inflammatory profiles assessed by the consideration of numerous parameters in plasma, CSF and microbiota, together with genetic background. In this model, the combination of antiamyloidogenic and anti-inflammatory drugs versus placebo is investigated. AD, Alzheimer’s disease; ApoE, apolipoprotein E, CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; PET, positron emission tomography; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphisms.