Table 3.
Laboratory and echocardiography results
| Active COVID-19 Pneumonia (N = 16) | Moderate COVID-19 Pneumonia (N = 8) | Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia (N = 8) | MIS-C (N = 21) | Mild MIS-C (N = 10) | Severe MIS-C (N = 11) | Total vs Total | Severe vs Severe | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory findings on admission - no. (%) | ||||||||
| Acute kidney injury | 5 (31) | 3 (37.5) | 2 (25) | 8 (38) | 2 (20) | 6 (55) | 0.7386 | 0.3521 |
| Elevated liver enzymes | 12 (75) | 7 (87.5) | 5 (62.5) | 13 (62) | 5 (50) | 8 (73) | 0.4912 | 1.0000 |
| Lymphopenia | 9 (56) | 4 (50) | 5 (62.5) | 14 (67) | 6 (60) | 8 (73) | 0.7332 | 1.0000 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 3 (19) | 0 (0) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (24) | 1 (10) | 4 (36) | 1.0000 | 1.0000 |
| Laboratory values on admission - median value (IQR) | ||||||||
| Sodium (mmoL/L) | 139 (136.75–141.25) | 137.5 (135.75–138.25) | 141.5 (139.75–142.25) | 133 (131.75–134.25) | 134 (133–136.5) | 132 (130.3–133) | 0.0004 | 0.0059 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.78 (0.52–1.14) | 0.73 (0.56–0.99) | 0.78 (0.38–1.39) | 0.79 (0.59–0.89) | 0.6 (0.57–0.76) | 0.83 (0.77–1.24) | 0.9390 | 0.5357 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.7 (3.25–4.15) | 4 (3.7–4.3) | 3.3 (3.05–3.7) | 3.4 (3–3.6) | 3.6 (3.25–3.68) | 3 (2.6–3.5) | 0.0821 | 0.2898 |
| Alanine transaminase (U/L) | 37.4 (18.8–58.05) | 55.05 (23.33–153.13) | 28.55 (16.4–44.03) | 42.4 (20.9–65.35) | 34.3 (15.2–52.8) | 52.2 (27.73–73.6) | 0.9746 | 0.1309 |
| Aspartate transaminase (U/L) | 54.5 (33.75–115.25) | 60.5 (48–126.25) | 44.5 (27.25–70.25) | 43 (25.75–56.25) | 34 (24.25–46) | 43.5 (36.25–56.75) | 0.2791 | 0.6251 |
| Brain znatriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | 46.85 (27.25–111.375) | 10 (10–31.7) | 101.4 (39.85–1281.85) | 642.5 (47.1–1129.15) | 40.75 (10–101.6) | 1004.95 (229.5–1778.5) | 0.7353 | 0.6184 |
| Troponin (ng/mL) | 0.01 (0.01–0.02) | 0.01 (0.01–0.02) | 0.02 (0.01–0.05) | 0.1 (0.02–1.4) | 0.01 (0.01–0.07) | 0.24 (0.03–2.17) | 0.3194 | 0.2689 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 4.6 (1.41–11.11) | 3.62 (1.27–4.95) | 9.2 (1.43–11.9) | 15.93 (11.17–23.1) | 14 (6.21–18.14) | 17.73 (11.98–27.62) | 0.0015 | 0.0057 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/hr) | 25 (9–40) | 29.5 (13–38.5) | 19 (12.5–35) | 48 (38–58) | 49.5 (40.75–59.25) | 41 (38–58) | 0.0031 | 0.0097 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 0.77 (0.37–2.65) | 0.37 (0.18–3.28) | 1.32 (0.77–2.61) | 11.51 (4.35–24.41) | 2.18 (1.90–2.45) | 13.51 (8.41–31.96) | 0.0004 | 0.0013 |
| White blood cell count (10^3/uL) | 9.95 (4.54–13.85) | 4.3 (2.39–7.39) | 11.44 (9.74–22.61) | 10.58 (8.44–12.78) | 10.82 (8.1–11.84) | 9.79 (8.88–14.92) | 0.4903 | 0.3218 |
| Absolute lymphocyte count (10^3/uL) | 1.15 (0.59–1.42) | 1.15 (0.53–1.32) | 1.19 (0.83–1.51) | 0.84 (0.5–1.51) | 1.07 (0.91–1.75) | 0.5 (0.44–0.74) | 0.5774 | 0.1200 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.1 (10.6–14.73) | 12.6 (11.35–14.78) | 11.7 (10.58–14.13) | 11.5 (10.4–11.9) | 11.55 (10.8–12.13) | 11.3 (10.1–11.8) | 0.1010 | 0.3020 |
| Platelet count (10^3/uL) | 201 (164.75–263.5) | 226.5 (181.25–276) | 180.5 (77.25–239.5) | 190 (155–225) | 215 (165.75–271.3) | 180 (129.5–201) | 0.6567 | 0.9671 |
| International normalized ratio | 1.1 (1.1–1.25) | 1.13 (1.08–1.17) | 1.1 (1.1–1.35) | 1.24 (1.18–1.4) | 1.15 (1.1–1.2) | 1.4 (1.22–1.4) | 0.0842 | 0.0877 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 472.6 (230.6–1982) | 472.6 (230.6–683.4) | 710.5 (246.55–1998.25) | 520.1 (282.5–789.1) | 461.9 (201.25–761.9) | 520.1 (370.7–1032.5) | 0.7632 | 0.9342 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 667 (462–818) | 767 (609.5–4861.5) | 647 (503.25–780.25) | 244 (200–299) | 271.5 (216–454.8) | 225 (184.5–264) | 0.0005 | 0.0049 |
| D-dimer FEU (ug/mL) | 1.31 (0.61–1.94) | 1.18 (0.65–1.29) | 1.93 (1.21–2.03) | 2.51 (1.58–3.25) | 1.71 (1.37–2.35) | 3.15 (2.42–3.79) | 0.0236 | 0.0416 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 447 (312.5–594) | 529 (513–610) | 373 (260.25–500) | 544 (467–632) | 561.5 (424.75–633.3) | 489 (468.5–629) | 0.2114 | 0.0987 |
| Echocardiography findings - no./total no. (%) | ||||||||
| Decreased systolic function or ejection fraction | 1/7 (14) | 0/2 (0) | 1/5 (20) | 5/21 (24) | 1/10 (10) | 4/11 (36) | 1.0000 | 0.6000 |
| Coronary artery dilation | 0/7 (0) | 0/2 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 7/21 (33) | 2/10 (20) | 5/11 (45) | 0.1414 | 0.1186 |
| Z-score - median value (IQR) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2.15 (2.12–2.92) | 2.12 (2.11–2.12) | 2.81 (2.15–3.03) | N/A | N/A |
| Heart block | 0/7 (0) | 0/2 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 1/21 (5) | 0/10 (0) | 1/11 (9) | 1.0000 | 1.0000 |