Figure 4.

Double immunofluorescence staining for MSK1, TNF-α, IL-1β and GFAP in brain cortex tissues at 1 day after SAH. In adult rat brain tissues after injury, sections were labeled with MSK1 and GFAP, an astrocytes marker, and the co-localization of MSK1 with GFAP was demonstrated in the brain tissues. In addition, immunofluorescence staining for MSK1, TNF-α and IL-1β was also performed, and the merged images indicated that MSK1 was closely positioned to TNF-α and IL-1β, in the same view in each section. Scale bar=10 µm. MSK1, mitogen and stress-activated protein kinase 1; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein.