Table 2.
Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of the Urogenital Tracts in Nonhuman Primates Observed Over a >30-year Period (1989–2019) at Two Primate Centers
| Age at Diagnosis (years) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis (frequency) | Chimpanzee | Baboon | Macaque | Sooty Mangabey | NWM |
| Kidney | |||||
| Adenoma (6) | - | 40,45,38 | 6a,8b,22 | - | - |
| Carcinoma (4) | 41,42 | - | 31,35 | - | - |
| Carcinoma, metastatic (2) | - | 3 (HCC) | - | - | |
| - | 17 (Adrenal) | ||||
| Ectopic adrenocortical adenoma (1) | 47 | - | - | - | - |
| Hemangioma (2) | 54 | - | - | 24 | - |
| Lymphoma (8) | - | 19,29,38,45 | 6,6,10 | 16 | |
| Nephroblastoma (4) | - | 3,13,21,29 | - | - | - |
| TC/urothelial carcinoma, renal pelvis (1) | - | - | 25 | - | - |
| Tumor, NS (2) | 41 | - | 16 | - | - |
| Urinary bladder | |||||
| TC/urothelial carcinoma (0) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Endometrial stromal tumor (1) | - | 39 | - | - | - |
| Carcinoma, metastatic (3) | - | - | 10,19(ICACA) | - | 14c |
| Ovary | |||||
| Adenoma (10) | - | 21*,30,37,38d,39, 47 | 18,28;Unke | - | - |
| Adenocarcinoma (3) | - | 36,37,49 | - | - | - |
| Benign serous ovarian tumor (1) | - | 19 | - | - | - |
| Brenner tumor (4) | 56 | 28,33,40 | - | - | - |
| Carcinoma (7) | - | 18,21,26,34,34,40,49 | - | - | - |
| Carcinoma, metastatic (1) | - | - | 19g | - | - |
| Dermoid cyst (1) | - | 34 | - | - | - |
| Dysgerminoma (2) | - | 33,37 | - | - | - |
| Endometrioid tumor (1) | - | - | 21f | - | - |
| Fibroadenoma (1) | - | 40 | - | - | - |
| Fibroma-thecoma (1) | - | - | 28 | - | - |
| Granulosa cell tumor (63) | 46,46 | 27 (average of 54 animals; range = 5 – 53 years) | 3,11,21h,26,28,31 | - | 20 |
| Hyperplasia (11) | 32 | 7,7,13,19,20,22,38,39 | - | - | 5,13 |
| Leiomyoma (1) | - | 21 | - | - | - |
| Leydig cell tumor (3) | - | 32,41,48 | - | - | - |
| Luteoma (1) | - | 37 | - | - | - |
| Neoplasm, NS (4) | 55 | 24,39 | - | - | |
| Sertoli cell tumor (1) | - | 29 | - | - | - |
| Sex cord-Stromal tumor (4) | - | 12,18,19,22 | - | - | - |
| Steroid tumor (2) | - | 22,37 | - | - | - |
| Teratoma (12) | 39 | 18,18,19,22,28,29,37,38 | 7,11,27 | - | - |
| Oviduct | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma, well-differentiated | - | - | 17 | - | - |
| Fimbrial (1) | |||||
| Adenofibroma (1) | - | 19 | - | - | - |
| Leiomyoma (2) | 55 | 31 | - | - | - |
| Papilloma (1) | - | - | 26 | - | - |
| Hyperplasia (10) | 32 | 22,22 | 6,11,13,15,21,21,28 | - | - |
| Uterus/Cervix | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma, uterine (4) | - | 46 | 22l | 17k,26m | - |
| Adenoma, uterine, likely (1) | - | 24 | - | - | - |
| Muellerian/paramesonephric origin | |||||
| Atypia, endocervical (1) | - | - | 13 | - | - |
| Carcinoma, cervical (2) | - | 21 | 20o | - | - |
| Carcinoma, endocervical (1) | - | - | 22p | - | - |
| Carcinoma, metastatic (2) | - | - | 1q,28r | - | - |
| Carcinoma, uterine (2) | - | 22 | - | 27n | - |
| Carcinoma, uterine with giant cells (1) | - | - | 15 | - | - |
| Cystadenoma, endometrial (1) | - | - | 19 | - | - |
| Dysplasia, endocervical (1) | - | - | 13 | - | - |
| Fibroleiomyoma, uterine with (1) | - | - | 18 | - | - |
| squamous metaplasia | - | ||||
| Fibroma, uterine (1) | 36 | - | 15s | - | - |
| Granulosa cell tumor, uterine (6) | - | 13,14,16,22,33,33 | - | - | - |
| Hemangioma, uterine (2) | - | - | 13,17 | - | |
| Hyperplasia, cervical (10) | - | 12,36 | 9,9,17,23,Unk | - | 5,9,14 |
| Hyperplasia, endometrial (37) | 46 | 39 (average of 21 animals; range 21 – 52) | 9,9,11,14,21,22,23,27,28,15,22,28,29,31 | 12 | - |
| Leiomyoma, cervical (2) | - | - | 26 (also uterus) | 19 | - |
| Leiomyoma, uterine (110) | 44 (average of 24 animals; range 29–61) | 35 (average of 48 animals; range 3–54; 1 Unk) | 31 (average of 29 animals; range 4–40; 3 Unk) | 22 (average of 8 animals; range 15–31) | 14 |
| Leiomyosarcoma, uterine (5) | - | 37 | 2i,19j | 17k,23 | - |
| Neoplasm, other cervical (1) | - | - | 16 | - | - |
| Neoplasm, other uterine (7) | 41 | - | 15t,15,15,20,24,28 | - | - |
| Papilloma, cervical (1) | - | 39 | - | - | - |
| Papilloma, uterine (1) | - | - | 1s | - | - |
| Polyp, uterine or cervical (75) | 28,35,36,39,52 | 31 (average of 48 animals; range 13–49) | 20 (average of 21 animals; range 7–28) | - | 12 |
| SCC, cervical (1) | - | - | 22p | - | - |
| SCC, uterine (1) | - | - | 13 | - | - |
| Vagina, vulva | |||||
| Fibroma (1) | - | - | 23 | - | - |
| Leiomyoma (2) | - | - | - | 16,31u | - |
| Myxoma (1) | - | 37 | - | - | - |
| Papilloma (3) | 49 | 17,29 | - | - | - |
| Squamous cell carcinoma, vulvar (1) | - | 38 | - | - | - |
| Testis | |||||
| Interstitial cell tumor (1) | - | - | - | - | 11 |
| Mass, NS (1) | - | - | - | - | 20 |
| Seminoma (1) | - | Unk | - | - | - |
| Male Accessory Sex Glands | |||||
| Adenoma, prostatic (1) | - | 30 | - | - | - |
| Hyperplasia, prostatic (15) | - | 23 (average of 12 animals; range 14–42) | 7,14,31 | - | - |
| Mass, peri-prostatic (1) | - | - | 2 | - | - |
| Adenoma, seminal vesicle (1) | - | - | 1 | - | - |
| Penis, Prepuce & Scrotum | |||||
| Histiocytoma, penile (1) | - | 40 | - | - | - |
| Papilloma(s), penile (4) | - | 1,4 | 16,17 | - | - |
| SCC, penile (2) | - | - | 4, 21 | - | - |
| SCC, preputial (1) | - | - | - | 17 | - |
| Melanocytoma, scrotal (1) | - | - | 4 | - | - |
Abbreviations and footnotes: NWM, New World monkey; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; ICACA, ileocecal adenocarcinoma; TC, transitional cell; Unk, unknown
Papillary subtype;
Tubulopapillary subtype;
Hepatocellular carcinoma with metastasis to uterus and urinary bladder;
Papillary cystadenoma;
Serous papillary adenoma;
Within a focus of endometriosis;
Metastatic carcinoma, most likely ileocecal adenocarcinoma origin; also metastasized to urinary bladder;
Intravascular metastases in liver;
Leiomyosarcoma with metastasis to regional lymph nodes;
Leiomyosarcoma with metastasis to omentum;
Animal had uterine adenocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, and uterine torsion;
Animal was euthanized for dysmenorrhea of >1 year duration;
Uterine adenocaricnoma with metastasis (not further specified);
Uterine carcinoma with metastasis to lungs;
Cervical carcinoma (incidental finding);
Endocercival carcinoma with metastasis to liver and lung;
Metastatsis/carcinomatosis of ileocecal adenocarcinoma to uterus, lungs and diaphragm;
Metastatsis/carcinomatosis of ileocecal adenocarcinoma to uterus and mesentery;
Animal had uterine hemangioma, fibroleiomyoma, and endometriosis;
Mass involved uterus and vagina.
Animal had endometrial carcinoma and uterine leiomyoma.
Bilateral serous ovarian cystadenomas.