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. 2021 Feb 23;12:15. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00423-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Effects of intranasal oxytocin on changes in metabolite concentrations and time-course change in effects of oxytocin. a–c Individual changes from baseline in the natural logarithm of the mode of the probability density function (log-PDFmode) of neutral facial expression intensity. Plots show changes from baseline of log-PDFmode of neutral facial expression intensity in participants administered placebo (a) or oxytocin (b). Among the participants administered with oxytocin, individuals showing reduction of log-PDFmode of neutral facial expression from baseline to 2 weeks and increase of log-PDFmode neutral facial expression from 2 to 6 weeks were classified as participants exhibiting a time-course change (c). d Plots show changes in plasma DMG levels during the 6-week administration of oxytocin or placebo. Bars indicate mean concentration change in each group