Table 2.
Hazard ratios and 95%CIs for death and cardiovascular events associated with age at menopause (four groups) in women
| Age at menopause | Women | Events | Woman-years | Events per 1000 person-years | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Death | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 10 | 4107 | 2.4 | 1.32 (0.63, 2.76) | 0.46 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 64 | 19,880 | 3.2 | 1.99 (1.24, 3.21) | 0.005 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 25 | 13,088 | 1.9 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.001 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 25 | 16,767 | 1.5 | 0.79 (0.45, 1.38) | 0.40 |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 23 | 3893 | 5.9 | 1.46 (0.89, 2.41) | 0.14 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 68 | 19,200 | 3.5 | 1.18 (0.81, 1.72) | 0.39 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 49 | 12,611 | 3.9 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.22 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 56 | 16,269 | 3.4 | 0.91 (0.62, 1.34) | 0.63 |
| Fatal cardiovascular disease | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 3 | 4101 | 0.7 | 0.86 (0.24, 3.09) | 0.82 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 14 | 19,802 | 0.7 | 1.19 (0.53, 2.69) | 0.67 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 11 | 13,038 | 0.8 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.18 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 5 | 16,747 | 0.3 | 0.38 (0.13, 1.09) | 0.07 |
| Ischemic cardiovascular disease | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 21 | 3917 | 5.4 | 1.56 (0.92, 2.65) | 0.10 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 62 | 19,230 | 3.2 | 1.28 (0.86, 1.91) | 0.23 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 42 | 12,697 | 3.3 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.19 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 51 | 16,316 | 3.1 | 0.97 (0.65, 1.47) | 0.90 |
| Coronary heart disease | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 11 | 4053 | 2.7 | 1.32 (0.65, 2.70) | 0.44 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 27 | 19,692 | 1.4 | 0.82 (0.47, 1.44) | 0.50 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 25 | 12,927 | 1.9 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.25 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 21 | 16,652 | 1.3 | 0.65 (0.36, 1.17) | 0.15 |
| Stroke | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 14 | 3939 | 3.6 | 1.72 (0.90, 3.31) | 0.10 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 43 | 19,402 | 2.2 | 1.50 (0.91, 2.46) | 0.11 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 26 | 12,804 | 2.0 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.19 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 34 | 16,397 | 2.1 | 1.06 (0.64, 1.78) | 0.82 |
| Ischemic stroke | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 12 | 3962 | 3.0 | 2.16 (1.04, 4.51) | 0.04 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 38 | 19,411 | 2.0 | 2.05 (1.15, 3.63) | 0.01 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 18 | 12,857 | 1.4 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.05 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 30 | 16,431 | 1.8 | 1.37 (0.76, 2.47) | 0.29 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | ||||||
| < 45 years old | 160 | 2 | 4084 | 0.5 | 0.71 (0.15, 3.35) | 0.67 |
| 45–49 years old | 790 | 7 | 19,869 | 0.4 | 0.66 (0.24, 1.82) | 0.42 |
| 50–51 years old | 506 | 9 | 13,032 | 0.7 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.37 |
| > 51 years old | 648 | 4 | 16,733 | 0.2 | 0.34 (0.10, 1.12) | 0.08 |
Model adjusted for: time-varying covariates including menopause, use of oral estrogen owing to menopause, body mass index, smoking, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride; baseline covariates including age, family history of cardiovascular disease, and white blood cell count
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
aP values derived from Cox regression model for non-proportional hazards