Table 1.
Outcomes Evaluated in Meta-Analyses Determining the Effect of Periodontal Treatment on Systemic Outcomes.
| High Qualitya | Low/Critically Low Qualityb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic Outcome | Outcome Type | Total Number of Meta-Analyses | Number of Analyses with Positive Results | Numberof Analyseswith Null Results | Number of Analyses with Positive Results | Number of Analyses with Null Results | Chronic Condition Focus of Study |
| Preterm birth | Surrogate endpoint | 38 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 23 | ABO |
| HbA1c | Surrogate endpoint | 25 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 4 | Diabetes,c obesity |
| Low birthweight | Surrogate endpoint | 25 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 18 | ABO |
| C-reactive protein | Biomarker | 8 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | CVD, diabetes,c obesity, RA |
| Fasting blood glucose | Surrogate endpoint | 7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | Diabetesc |
| High-density lipoprotein | Biomarker | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | CVD, diabetesc |
| Total cholesterol | Biomarker | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | CVD, diabetesc |
| Birthweight | Surrogate endpoint | 5 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | ABO |
| Low-density lipoprotein | Biomarker | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | CVD, diabetesc |
| Triglycerides | Biomarker | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | CVD, diabetesc |
| Abortion/stillbirths | Clinical endpoint | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | ABO |
| Interleukin-6 | Biomarker | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | CVD, obesity |
| Perinatal mortality | Clinical endpoint | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ABO |
| Tumor necrosis factor–α | Biomarker | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | CVD, diabetes,c obesity |
| Otherd | Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints | 35 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 27 | ABO, CKD, CVD, diabetes,c obesity, RA |
| Total | 174 | 4 | 15 | 56 | 99 | ||
ABO, adverse birth outcomes (perinatal outcomes); CKD, chronic kidney disease (renal failure, kidney damage); CVD, cardiovascular disease (heart disease, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, hypertension); RA, rheumatoid arthritis.
High quality rating as determined according to the AMSTAR 2 (Shea et al. 2017) tool.
Low/Critically low quality rating according to the AMSTAR 2 (Shea et al. 2017) tool.
Diabetes includes type 1, type 2, and hyperglycemia.
Includes all other biomarkers or surrogate endpoints evaluated in 2 or fewer unique meta-analyses. Examples include disease activity score, estimated globular filtration rate, creatinine, fibrinogen, leukocytes, flow-mediated dilation, adiponectin, body mass index, leptin, and so on.